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تقریباً 2000 قبل مسیحIbrahim travelled to Mecca from time to time to see what he had left there; the number is unknown but the sources preserve four journeys: the dream and the ransom of Ismail, and three narrated by al-Bukhari from Ibn Abbas: finding Ismail's first wife complaining (change the threshold), his second wife grateful (keep the threshold), and finally meeting Ismail, when together they raised the Kaaba and Ibrahim proclaimed the pilgrimage.رفع قواعد الكعبة
تقریباً 1900 قبل مسیحOn the third recorded journey, Ibrahim finds Ismail sharpening arrows beneath a tree by Zamzam; together the aged father and the grown son raise the foundations of the House, and Ibrahim calls mankind to the pilgrimage as commanded.أمر ذبح إسماعيل
تقریباً 1900 قبل مسیحOn one of Ibrahim’s visits to Mecca he is shown in a dream that he must sacrifice his son; father and son submit, and the son is ransomed with a great sacrifice — the trial the Quran recalls in Surat al-Saffat, and which the Raheeq narrative places before Isaac’s birth.ثلاث سنوات من الدعوة السرية
تقریباً 610 عیسویThe first stage of the call to Islam — individual and secret for three years — in which the first band believed: Khadija, Ali, Zayd and Abu Bakr on the first day, then those whom Abu Bakr called, then a company Ibn Hisham numbers at over forty from every clan of Quraysh; during it prayer was first prescribed.فترة الوحي
تقریباً 610 عیسویThe pause in revelation after the first descent at Hira — days rather than years in the reading of Ibn Sa'd via Ibn Abbas that the book prefers — ending when Jibril appeared seated on a throne between heaven and earth and surat al-Muddaththir came down with the command to rise and warn.نزول جبريل بالوحي مرة ثانية: أوائل المدثر
تقریباً 610 عیسویAfter the pause in revelation the Prophet heard a voice from heaven and saw the angel who had come to him at Hira seated on a throne between heaven and earth; he returned home asking to be wrapped, and God sent down the opening of surat al-Muddaththir with the command to rise and warn, after which revelation came thick and fast; the author reads in its commands the substance of the call.انشقاق القمر
610 اور 622 کے درمیان عیسویThe sign the people of Mecca asked of the Prophet: he showed them the moon in two halves until they saw Mount Hira between them; in another report they said 'Muhammad has bewitched us'. Ibn Mas'ud reports 'the moon split while we were with the Prophet at Mina; he said: bear witness — and one part went toward the mountain', and once said it split at Mecca; Ibn 'Abbas reports the moon split in the Prophet's lifetime. Muslims read the event in the opening of Surat al-Qamar 'the Hour has drawn near and the moon has split'.بدء الوحي في غار حراء
10 اگست 610 عیسوی · 21 رمضان 12 قبل ہجرتThe descent of Jibril upon the Prophet in the cave of Hira with the opening verses of surat al-Alaq — on the night of Monday 21 Ramadan in the book's preferred reckoning, corresponding to 10 August 610 CE, when the Prophet was forty lunar years, six months and twelve days old.الإسراء والمعراج
تقریباً 621 عیسویThe miraculous nocturnal journey of Prophet Muhammad from al-Masjid al-Haram to al-Masjid al-Aqsa in Jerusalem, and his ascent through the seven heavens, where the five daily prayers were ordained. ونص رحلة المعراج كاملاً عند البخاري في حديث مالك بن صعصعة.حادثة الشاة المسمومة بخيبر
تقریباً جون 628 عیسوی · صفر 7 ھFollowing the conquest of Khaybar, Zaynab bint al-Harith (wife of Sallam ibn Mishkam) sent the Prophet a roasted sheep heavily laced with poison; upon chewing a morsel, the Prophet spat it out stating that the bone informed him it was poisoned, while Bishr ibn al-Bara' swallowed a bite and died.اعتزال النبي أزواجه
تقریباً 629 عیسوی · تقریباً 9 ھThe Prophet withdrew from his wives to an upper chamber for a month in the incident known as the ila'. Umar climbed to find him on a mat with nothing between it and his skin, a leather pillow stuffed with palm-fibre under his head; the mat had marked his side, and when Umar wept comparing him to the emperors he answered 'are you not content that they have this world and we have the next?'; Ibn Abbas reports Umar naming Aisha and Hafsa as the two wives.وفد بني حنيفة
تقریباً 631 عیسوی · 9 ھSeventeen men of Banu Hanifa of al-Yamama, among them Musaylima, lodged with an Ansari household in Medina in 9 AH and declared Islam; the sources differ on Musaylima's own conduct, and on his return home he claimed a share in prophethood.ارتداد مسيلمة وادعاؤه النبوة باليمامة
تقریباً 631 عیسوی · تقریباً 9 ھWhen the Banu Hanifa delegation returned to al-Yamama, Musaylima apostatised and claimed prophethood, saying he had been made a partner in the matter with Muhammad and citing the Prophet's words that he was 'not the worst placed of you'. He produced rhymed sayings imitating the Qur'an, permitted wine and fornication and lifted the prayer, while still testifying that Muhammad was a prophet, and Hanifa rallied to him. Ibn Ishaq has it from a shaykh of Banu Hanifa and adds: God knows best which account is true.رؤيا النبي في السوارين من ذهب وتأويلهما بالكذابين
631 اور 632 کے درمیان عیسوی · 10 ھThe Prophet addressed the people from his minbar saying he had seen the Night of Power and then been made to forget it, and had seen on his arms two gold bracelets which he disliked and blew away, interpreting them as the two liars, the man of Yemen and the man of al-Yamama, that is al-Aswad al-Ansi and Musaylima; Ibn Ishaq has it from Yazid ibn Abdullah ibn Qusayt from Ata' ibn Yasar or his brother Sulayman from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri. He also reports from Abu Hurayra that the Hour will not come until thirty impostors appear, each claiming prophethood.كتاب مسيلمة إلى النبي والجواب عنه
تقریباً مارچ 632 عیسوی · تقریباً ذوالحجہ 10 ھAt the end of 10 AH Musaylima ibn Habib wrote to the Prophet: from Musaylima the messenger of God to Muhammad the messenger of God; I have been made a partner with you in the matter, half the earth is ours and half Quraysh's, but Quraysh are a people who transgress. Two envoys brought it. The Prophet asked what they themselves said; they said, as he says; he said that were envoys not immune from death he would have struck off their heads, then wrote: from Muhammad the messenger of God to Musaylima the liar, peace on whoever follows guidance; the earth is God's, He gives it to whom He wills of His servants, and the outcome is for the God-fearing.وفاة النبي
8 جون 632 عیسوی · 12 ربیع الاول 11 ھThe Prophet Muhammad died in Medina after a short illness, and was buried in the house of Aisha. وفي الصحيح: أنه قال في مرضه «مروا أبا بكر يصلي بالناس» فلما استمهلته عائشة وحفصة أبى وقال «إنكن لأنتن صواحب يوسف» ، وأنه كان يسأل «أين أنا غدا؟» حرصاً على بيت عائشة فمات عندها بين سحرها ونحرها بعدما استاك بسواك عبد الرحمن بن أبي بكر ، وكان آخر كلامه «في الرفيق الأعلى» ، وقال عائشة إنه قال «ما أزال أجد ألم الطعام الذي أكلت بخيبر، فهذا أوان وجدت انقطاع أبهري».إنكار عمر وفاة النبي وكلمة أبي بكر
8 جون 632 عیسوی · 12 ربیع الاول 11 ھWhen the Prophet died, Umar stood up and said that some hypocrites claimed he had died, that he had not died but had gone to his Lord as Moses did, and would return to cut off the hands and feet of men who said he was dead. Abu Bakr came, uncovered the Prophet's face and kissed him, then went out and said: whoever worshipped Muhammad, Muhammad has died; whoever worshipped God, God lives and does not die; and recited the verse about the messengers. Umar said that when he heard Abu Bakr recite it he collapsed, knowing the Prophet was dead.مؤتمر الأديان المزعوم في طوكيو
1907 عیسوی · 1325 ھ†In 1907 the newspaper al-Waqt, published in Turkestan, reported that Japan would host a congress of religions in Tokyo. Al-Liwa proposed Muhammad Farid Wajdi and Shaykh Tantawi Jawhari as Egypt's delegates. The book says the congress did not exist when the messages arrived. Its author's account only; no second source yet.قتل هابيل
According to al-Tha'labi, Qabil killed his brother Habil after a dispute over offerings and marriage. The book gives varying accounts of the place of the killing, the raven that taught Qabil to bury, and the earth that drank the blood.حادثة الكاهن في بني سعد
As Halima's account is transmitted by Bayhaqi, she brought the boy to a soothsayer in Banu Sa'd after the chest-opening; the soothsayer urged his killing, Halima refused, and she returned him to Mecca, where he was briefly lost at the great gate.عذاب يوم الظلة
In al-Mas'udi the Day of the Shadow fell in king Kalamn's reign at Madyan — a door of fire opened from the sky while Shu'ayb sheltered at the thicket of al-Ayka, and the white pleasant cloud the people drove the believers into became their fire; Kalamn's daughter Haritha lamented him from the Hijaz.
شخصیت
محمد
تقریباً 570 عیسویThe Prophet of Islam (c. 570–632 CE), through whom Muslims believe the Qur'an was revealed, and the founder of the first Muslim community in Medina.الأسود العنسي
تقریباً 580 عیسویAbhala ibn Ka'b, called al-Aswad 'the veiled one' — a soothsayer of Yemen who claimed prophecy, seized San'a and much of Yemen for a few weeks, and was cut down by the Persian colony that had first served him.مسيلمة
تقریباً 580 عیسویChief and religious claimant of Banu Hanifa in Yamama who preached a parallel prophecy to Muhammad's and exchanged letters with him — killed at Yamama in the bloodiest battle of the Ridda wars.سجاح بنت الحارث
تقریباً 590 عیسویA woman of Tamim by her father and Taghib by her mother who claimed prophecy in rhymed speech, marched an army toward Medina, then turned to Yamama and joined Musaylima — before returning to Islam and living into the caliphate.آدم
The father of mankind. In Bukhari, God created him sixty cubits tall and sent him to greet the angels, whose answer became his descendants' greeting; in the Isra account the Prophet met him in the lowest heaven.الخضر
The servant given knowledge from God whom Musa accompanied at the junction of the seas — the full account in Bukhari.اليسع
Draft card for al-Yasa', the prophet named in the Qur'an among the righteous in Islamic tradition; the encyclopedia entry is not yet checked on the page.آسية امرأة فرعون
Pharaoh's wife who raised Musa — counted by the Prophet among the perfected women.أيوب
The prophet of patience: bathing unclothed when golden locusts rained on him, he answered his Lord 'yes, by Your might, but I cannot do without Your blessing'.ملکہ سبا
The queen of Sheba in the Islamic narrative; the Qur'an does not name her, while the historians name her Bilqis daughter of al-Hadhad, recounting her reign and her encounter with Sulayman.داود
Prophet of Banu Israel and Sulayman's father — the Prophet praised Abu Musa's recitation as 'a flute of the flutes of Dawud's house'.ذوالقرنین
شیخ عمر عبدالکافی ذوالقرنین کو تمکین کے باب میں ایسی مثال کے طور پر پیش کرتے ہیں جنہیں اسباب دیے گئے اور انہوں نے ان کی پیروی کی، ان کے علم اور تمکین کا ذکر کرتے ہیں، اور اس دیوار کا ذکر کرتے ہیں جو انہوں نے فساد کی شکایت کرنے والی قوم کے لیے بنائی ۔ذوالکفل
Dhu'l-Kifl, named in the Qur'an among the patient and among 'the righteous'; Ibn Kathir counts him among the prophets in the commentators' view, and al-Tha'labi names him Bishr ibn Ayyub, a prophet sent after his father to the land of the Romans, who dwelt in Syria until he died aged ninety-five.فرعون
فرعون، جیسا کہ شیخ عمر عبدالکافی نے سلسلہ «الفوز المبین» میں ان کا ذکر کیا: ان کا خواب جس کی تعبیر ان کے درباریوں نے بنی اسرائیل کے ایک لڑکے کے ہاتھوں ان کی بادشاہت کے زوال کے طور پر کی، ان کا تکبر، موسیٰ کی ان کی طرف بھیجے جانے کا انبیاء کی اپنی قوموں کی طرف بھیجے جانے سے موازنہ، اور موسیٰ سے ان کی پرورش کے بارے میں کہی گئی بات پر شیخ کا تبصرہ۔هابيل
Adam's son who was killed. He was a herdsman; al-Tha'labi reports that his offering was accepted and that he refused to raise his hand against his brother.هارون
Musa's brother and deputy — the Prophet cited his standing to Musa for Ali, and met him in the Isra heavens.حواء
Adam's wife in al-Tha'labi's account, created from one of his ribs while he slept. The book reports that she ate from the tree before Adam and gives narrations on her bridal gift and on what afflicted her and her daughters.إبليس
The adversary who whispered to Adam and Hawwa in the Garden. Al-Tha'labi reports that he refused to prostrate to Adam, entered the Garden inside a serpent, and was punished with ten penalties the book lists.إبراهيم
The patriarch of the Adnani Arabs in the sira’s telling: emigrant from Ur of the Chaldeans to Harran and then Palestine, who settled Hajar and the infant Ismail in the barren valley of Mecca, visited them on recorded journeys, submitted to the command of the sacrifice, and raised the foundations of the Kaaba with his son before calling mankind to the hajj.عيسى بن مريم
Prophet of Banu Israel, son of Maryam: one of the three who spoke in the cradle, untouched by Satan's prick at birth, and the Prophet declared himself the nearest of people to him.إسحاق
Son of Ibrahim, father of Ya'qub — named in Bukhari's prophetic chain.إسماعيل
Son of Ibrahim and Hajar, settled as an infant with his mother at Mecca where Zamzam sprang; he married into Jurhum, fathered twelve sons whose tribes spread from Mecca, and built the Kaaba with his father; the Adnani Arabs trace their lineages to him.لوط
Ibrahim's nephew: 'may God have mercy on Lut — he sheltered at a mighty pillar'.مريم بنت عمران
Mother of Isa, counted by the Prophet among the perfected women with Asiya, and exempted with her son from Satan's newborn prick.میکائیل
The angel named in the Qur'an alongside Jibril; the commentators say he descends with mercy, rain and vegetation.موسى
The prophet of Banu Israel: the fleeing-stone vindication, the al-Khidr journey at length, and his Isra meetings with the Prophet.نوح
The first messenger to the people of the earth in Bukhari's long intercession hadith — the first prophet mankind visits on the Day of Judgment.قابيل
One of Adam's two sons in al-Tha'labi's account. He killed his brother Habil after Habil's offering was accepted and his own was not, in a dispute that began over marriage partners.قارون
قارون، جیسا کہ شیخ عمر عبدالکافی نے سلسلہ «النبأ الصافی» میں ان کا ذکر کیا: وہ شخص جس نے اپنے مال کو اپنے علم کا نتیجہ سمجھا اور اللہ کے فضل کو بھلا دیا، جس نے اپنی قوم پر ظلم کیا اور قیادت کے لائق نہ رہا، اور وہ مثال جو شیخ ذمہ داری اور متکبرانہ باتوں کو دہرانے کے موضوع پر پیش کرتے ہیں۔صالح
Thamud's prophet — the Prophet passed their dwellings at al-Hijr on the Tabuk road and forbade entering them except weeping.سارة
Ibrahim's wife; Pharaoh plotted against her and God turned his plot back, and recognising her closeness to God he gave her Hajar as a servant, whom Sarah gave to Ibrahim in marriage; after Ismail's birth her jealousy led Ibrahim to take Hajar and the child to the Hijaz, in al-Raheeq al-Makhtum's account after al-Bukhari and Rahma lil-Alamin.سليمان
Son of Dawud who swore to father a hundred fighting sons and forgot 'God willing' — a lesson the Prophet repeated.طالوت
بنی اسرائیل کے لیے موسیٰ کے بعد اللہ کا بھیجا ہوا بادشاہ، جیسا کہ شعراوی سورہ البقرہ کی آیت 247 اور اس کے بعد کی آیات کی تفسیر میں بیان کرتے ہیں۔ ان کے نزدیک انتخاب لوگوں نے نہیں، اللہ نے کیا، اور معیار علم اور جسمانی وسعت تھا، نسب یا مال نہیں.ام موسیٰ، موسیٰ کی والدہ
ام موسیٰ، موسیٰ کی والدہ، جیسا کہ شیخ عمر عبدالکافی نے سلسلہ «الفوز المبین» میں ان کا ذکر کیا: بچے کو ڈالنے کا حکم، اللہ کی طرف سے اطمینان، ان پر ہونے والی وحی، اور اس سوال پر کہ کیا ان کا دل شروع ہی سے مضبوط تھا۔يحيى
Draft card for Yahya ibn Zakariya, the prophet announced to his aged father in the Qur'an, named by God a name given to none before; its sources are not yet checked on the page.يعقوب
Son of Ishaq, father of Yusuf — named in Bukhari's prophetic chain.يونس
Yunus ibn Matta: the Prophet said no servant should claim to be better than him.يوسف
Prophet son of a prophet: 'the noble son of the noble son of the noble son of the noble', and the Prophet would have answered the call even after Yusuf's years in prison.زکریا
زکریا ایک نبی ہیں جنہوں نے اپنے رب سے اپنی بانجھ بیوی کے حاملہ ہونے کی نشانی مانگی، اور انہیں بتایا گیا کہ ان کی نشانی یہ ہے کہ وہ تین دن لوگوں سے اشارے کے سوا بات نہیں کریں گے، جیسا کہ شیخ عمر عبد الکافی روایت کرتے ہیں (needs_source) ۔ شیخ نوٹ کرتے ہیں کہ قرآن نے ان کی بیوی کو بانجھ ہونے کی حالت میں «امرأة» اور اللہ کی طرف سے حمل کی اجازت کے بعد «زوج» کہا ۔
تصنیف
كتاب مسيلمة إلى النبي
A short letter from Musaylima ibn Habib to the Prophet at the end of 10 AH in which he calls himself the messenger of God, claims to have been made a partner in the matter, with half the earth his and half Quraysh's, though Quraysh transgress; the Prophet replied that the earth is God's to give to whom He wills, and the outcome is for the God-fearing.سيرة ابن إسحاق برواية ابن هشام
The earliest surviving continuous biography of the Prophet; composed by Muhammad ibn Ishaq (d. 151 AH) and abridged/recast by Abd al-Malik ibn Hisham (d. 213 or 218 AH) — the text known as Ibn Hisham's Sira.أولاد حارتنا
Naguib Mahfouz's allegorical 1959 novel restaging prophetic history in a Cairo alley — controversial enough to be banned in Egypt for years.جوهرة المدينة
Sherry Jones's novel about Aisha — Random House dropped it amid controversy before Beaufort published it; a case study in depicting the Prophet's household.انجیل
The Injil in Islamic conception is the book revealed to 'Isa ibn Maryam; al-Tha'labi names it among the books God sent down.قصص الأنبياء (العرائس)
Al-Tha'labi's collection of the stories of the prophets named in the Qur'an. It opens with why God narrates earlier histories, then cosmology, then the prophets, beginning with Adam. The edition used here is not yet verified.تاريخ الرسل والملوك
A universal chronicle arranged by Hijri year, from the creation to 302 AH, by Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (d. 310 AH). It opens with the prophets and earlier peoples and Persian kings, then follows the caliphate, the conquests and the civil strife year by year.زبور
The Zabur in Islamic conception is the book revealed to David; Ibn al-Nadim counts it among God's sent-down books, a hundred and fifty psalms, and al-Tha'labi names it with the Tawrat, Injil and Furqan among what God sent down.
تصور
ابراہیم اور وہ شخص جس نے ان سے رب کے بارے میں حجت کی
شعراوی اس شخص کو جس نے ابراہیم سے ان کے رب کے بارے میں حجت کی، حجت کا فاعل مانتے ہیں اور ابراہیم کو مفعول۔ وہ اس کا نام متعین کرنے سے رکتے ہیں، کہتے ہیں کہ یہ ابہام مقصود ہے تاکہ سبق ہر زمانے میں لاگو ہو، اور نام بتانے والوں کو جواب دیتے ہیں۔ ابراہیم نے حجت زندگی اور موت سے سورج کے طلوع کی طرف منتقل کی ۔الأمين (لقب النبي قبل البعثة)
The title by which Quraysh called Muhammad before prophethood for the trustworthiness and good qualities they saw in him; they cried it out when he entered as arbiter over the Black Stone during the rebuilding of the Kaaba.البلاغ وحدود مسؤولية الرسول
Sha'rawi holds that the Prophet is a bringer of good news and a warner whose charge is to deliver the message; he is not answerable for the people of the Fire, and no one is forced to believe, since God created people free to choose. He adds that a message of truth does not contradict itself or change.رفع القواعد من البيت: من بنى الكعبة
Sha'rawi holds that the House existed before Abraham, that God set it apart for circling, retreat and prayer after the flood had erased its landmarks, and that Abraham did not found it but raised its foundations so its place would be known. He reads the Ka'ba as the place that marks the House rather than the House itself, and reports that scholars differ on when the House was built.الوصية الدينية: الإسلام حتى الموت
Sha'rawi holds that a bequest is spoken at the end of life, when the one who bequeaths speaks truthfully, and that the bequest of Abraham and Jacob to their sons was the religion God had chosen, so that the believer must not leave submission before death comes, since its time is not known.بدر ایک نشانی اور عبرت
شعراوی آل عمران کی آیت 13 میں غزوۂ بدر کو ایک واضح نشانی کے طور پر پڑھتے ہیں: اللہ کی راہ میں لڑنے والا مومن گروہ شیطان کی راہ میں لڑنے والے کافر گروہ پر غالب آیا۔ ان کے نزدیک اللہ نے لڑائی سے پہلے دونوں لشکروں کو ایک دوسرے کی نظر میں کم دکھایا اور لڑائی میں زیادہ، اور اللہ کا ارادہ صرف قافلے پر نہیں بلکہ مسلح لشکر پر فتح کا تھا ۔رسولوں پر بلا تفریق ایمان
شعراوی کے نزدیک تمام رسالتوں میں عقیدے کے اصول ایک ہیں، اور احکام زمانے کے تقاضوں کے مطابق بدلتے ہیں۔ رسولوں پر بلا تفریق ایمان کا مطلب عقیدے کے ایک ہی پیغام کو ماننا ہے، اور احکام کا اختلاف تفریق نہیں ۔كمال الرسالة الخاتمة لما قبلها
Sha'rawi holds that Islam did not come to abolish earlier religions but to complete what they contain of sound belief, reports and stories, adding laws suited to every age and place. He cites the Prophet's image of a building in which one brick was missing, and the Qur'anic statement that God has completed the religion, and holds that the purpose of Islam is complete and the law has come whole.الحنيف (وصف إبراهيم)
Sha'rawi holds that the root of hanif is a bend in the lower legs, and that the sense was then carried over to anything crooked. A hanif is therefore one who turns away from the crookedness of his people. He affirms that Abraham was upright, but came into a world of idolatry and crookedness, and was a hanif by turning away from it. He adds that prophets come only where there is a deep corruption of belief and law.إرث النبوة (بالعمل لا بالنسب)
Sha'rawi holds that religious leadership and belonging to the prophets come not by blood or lineage but by applying the law in letter and spirit. He builds this on Abraham's request that leadership remain in his descendants, on the answer that a covenant does not reach the wrongdoers, and on the story of Noah's son, of whom God said that his deeds were not righteous. He presents this without a verdict under his own name.الإسلام دين الأنبياء المشترك
Muhammad Abdullah Draz reads 'Islam' in its Qur'anic sense as the shared religion of all prophets, citing Noah, Jacob, Moses and the disciples of Jesus as calling themselves Muslims. He describes this religion as sincere submission to God without associating partners, and faith in all that came from Him without distinguishing between books or messengers. This is the author's own reading, first published in al-Azhar magazine in 2012 (pp. 49-50).عصمت
In the lexicon, ismah is the act of preventing and protecting; the jurists also use it of the marriage bond, as in the Qur'anic reference to the bonds with unbelieving women. As a term it has three senses: the protection God gives a person from sins; the protection that makes a person and his property sacred, so that retaliation or compensation is due on violating it; and the protection that makes violating it sinful without retaliation or compensation. The text states that the messengers are protected from sins after their mission, and that on their prior state the sound view it records is that they were free of every defect. Sacredness of life and property is gained by the testimony of faith, and by a covenant of protection such as a treaty or safe-conduct. The marriage bond ends by annulment, as for apostasy or defect, or by divorce; the husband normally holds the power of divorce, and a wife holds it when he delegates it to her or when she stipulated it.کرامت
کرامت لغت میں عزت ہے، اور اصطلاح میں وہ خارقِ عادت امر ہے جو کسی نیک شخص کے ہاتھ پر ظاہر ہو جو نبوت کا دعویٰ نہ کرے۔ یہ لفظ عزت و شرف اور مہمان نوازی کے معنی میں بھی آتا ہے۔ اہلِ سنت کے جمہور کے نزدیک نیک مومن کے ہاتھ پر کرامت ظاہر ہونا جائز اور واقع ہے، اور ایسے شخص کو ولی کہا جاتا ہے۔ جس بات کا عادتاً ممکن نہ ہو، وہ کرامت کے ذریعے ممکن ہونے کے باوجود شرعاً قبول نہیں کی جاتی۔ اسلام انسانی عزت کی حفاظت کرتا ہے، اور مہمان، علماء، بزرگوں اور قرآن کے حاملین کی تکریم کی ترغیب دیتا ہے۔نبی کی کائنات سے محبت
شیخ عمر عبدالکافی نبی کے اقوال و افعال میں جو کچھ ان کو پسند تھا اس کی پیروی کی دعوت دیتے ہیں، کائنات کے ساتھ ان کے تعلق کا ذکر کرتے ہیں، کھجور کے تنے کا واقعہ بیان کرتے ہیں، گھر کی چیزوں کے نام کا ذکر کرتے ہیں، اور وہ بوجھ واضح کرتے ہیں جو ان سے اتارا گیا ۔أدوار الدعوة ومراحلها
Al-Raheeq al-Makhtum's division of the Prophet's mission into two periods, Meccan (about thirteen years) and Medinan (ten full years); the Meccan period has three stages: the secret call for three years, the open call to the Meccans from the start of the fourth year to the end of the tenth, and the call beyond Mecca from the end of the tenth year to the Hijra.مراتب الوحي
The modes of revelation as Ibn al-Qayyim lists them and al-Raheeq al-Makhtum transmits: true dreams, what the angel casts into the heart, the angel appearing as a man, revelation coming like the ringing of a bell, seeing the angel in his true form, what was revealed above the heavens on the night of the Ascension, and God's speech without an intermediary; some add an eighth mode which the author does not consider established.مواد الدعوة في أوائل المدثر
What al-Raheeq al-Makhtum draws from the commands opening surat al-Muddaththir: warning implies a day of recompense and another life, and the remaining verses demand plain monotheism and entrusting all things to God; so the substance of the call is monotheism, belief in the Last Day, purification of the soul, entrusting affairs to God, all under belief in Muhammad's message.ميثاق النبيين (تصديق الرسل ونصرتهم)
Sha'rawi holds that God took a covenant from the prophets to believe in and support any messenger who comes confirming what they have, and that this prevents zealotry among the followers of messengers and keeps the succession of messages united. He holds that acknowledgement and testimony require a witness, a witnessed party and a matter witnessed, and that turning away after this is a departure from the whole community of faith.نبی (پیغمبر)
نبی وہ ہے جس پر اللہ کی طرف سے فرشتے کے ذریعے وحی آئے اور جس کی تائید خارق عادت کرامات سے ہو۔ رسول نبی سے خاص ہے۔ اہل سنت کے نزدیک انبیاء تمام انسانوں اور غیر ملائکہ سے افضل ہیں، اور نبی کریم سب سے افضل ہیں۔ انبیاء کی تصویر حرام ہے، اور ان پر جھوٹ باندھنا حرام ہے۔ ان کی توقیر واجب ہے۔النبي والرسول (الفرق بين البلاغ والأسوة)
Sha'rawi holds that a messenger is sent both to convey and to serve as an example, carrying the law, applying it and then delivering it, while a prophet is sent to serve as an example in conduct and is not an intermediary of conveyance. He adds that wisdom may be given to someone who is neither prophet nor messenger, and cites the advice of Luqman to his son. He presents this without a verdict.نبوت
نبوت وہ صفت ہے جو اللہ کی طرف سے وحی پانے والے نبی میں ثابت ہو۔ رسالت نبوت سے خاص ہے۔ معجزات سے نبوت ثابت ہوتی ہے۔ نبوت کا دعویٰ کرنے والا کاذب اور کافر و مرتد ہے، کیونکہ نبی کریم خاتم النبیین ہیں۔الرجفة
Rida glosses rajfa as violent shaking and prefers the reading of earthquake. The Qur'an names the punishment of Madyan rajfa in al-A'raf and sayha (the cry) in Hud, and of Thamud both ways in the two suras; Rida says he treated how to reconcile them elsewhere in his tafsir.موت کے بعد زندگی کے قصے
شعراوی اس شخص کے قصے کو جو خالی بستی سے گزرا، اور ابراہیم کے کیفیت پوچھنے کے واقعے سے جوڑتے ہیں۔ ان کے نزدیک کیفیت کا سوال ایمان کی علامت ہے نہ کہ شک کی، اور اللہ نے اسے سو سال تک موت دے کر زندہ کیا، اور وقت کو سکیڑتا اور پھیلاتا ہے۔ وہ نقل کرتے ہیں کہ جمہور علماء اس گزرنے والے کو عزیر سمجھتے ہیں ۔شرحِ صدر
شیخ عمر عبدالکافی کے بیان کے مطابق شرحِ صدر اور انشراحِ صدر: صدر کے اسرار صرف خالق کو معلوم، شرحِ صدر کی حسی اور معنوی قسمیں، نبی کے بچپن میں شقِ صدر کا واقعہ اور اس کی طبی تشریح، اور مکرر سوال کرنے والے کے ساتھ سعتِ صدر ۔أمهات المؤمنين
The mothers of the believers are the women the Prophet married and consummated with, twelve in number; nine were with him at his death. The conditions for them are Islam, freedom, no refusal of the migration and chastity, and their marriage was forbidden to others for ever by the text of the Qur'an. The jurists differ on whether they belong to the household of the Prophet and on the penalty for slandering them, some holding death for slander of Aisha and others a hadd penalty.
عمل
سوال
كيف بدأ الوحي؟
It began with true dreams for six months, then with the angel's coming to the cave of Hira in Ramadan, bringing the opening verses of Surat al-Alaq when the Prophet was forty years old; then a short pause, then the descent of the opening verses of al-Muddaththir, with the command to arise and warn, as presented in al-Raheeq al-Makhtum.كيف عاش النبي قبل البعثة؟
An orphan, he grew up in the desert of the Banu Sa'd and then in the care of his grandfather and then of his uncle. He herded sheep, travelled for trade, and married Khadija at the age of twenty-five. He was known among his people as al-Amin (the trustworthy) and kept away from idol worship, as presented in al-Raheeq al-Makhtum.ما كربلاء؟
Karbala is an Iraqi city where al-Husayn ibn Ali and his household were killed on 10 Muharram 61 AH/680 CE. His tomb is among the greatest shrines of the Shia.ما قونية؟
Konya is a Turkish city. It was the capital of the Seljuks of Rum, then the home and burial place of Jalal al-Din Rumi, and the centre of the Mevlevi order and its whirling ritual (devran).ما فتح مكة؟
The conquest of Mecca, Ramadan 8 AH / 630 CE; the Prophet entered it with ten thousand men without any notable fighting, proclaimed a general amnesty, and cleansed the Ka'ba of idols.ما صلح الحديبية؟
Hudaybiyya, Dhu al-Qa'da 6 AH / 628 CE; a treaty between the Prophet and Quraysh whose outward appearance was hardship and whose inner reality was victory; the Qur'an called it a clear victory.ما معركة مؤتة؟
Mu'ta, Jumada al-Ula 8 AH / 629 CE; the first encounter between Muslims and the Byzantines; the three commanders Zayd, Ja'far and Abdullah ibn Rawaha were martyred there, and Khalid brought the army to safety.ما غزوة تبوك؟
Tabuk, Rajab 9 AH / 630 CE, the last of the Prophet's expeditions; thirty thousand set out in hardship and heat to meet the Byzantines, but met no one there, and it exposed the hypocrites.من كان عبد الرحمن بن عوف؟
Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf was one of the Ten promised Paradise, the richest of the merchants and the most pious of them. In the shura, Uthman was chosen caliph through him. He spent and spent until he entered Paradise, by God's leave.من كان أبو ذر الغفاري؟
Abu Dharr Jundab ibn Junada was one of the fourth or fifth Muslims, and the most truthful of them and the most steadfast in upholding the truth. The Prophet commended him, and he was exiled to al-Rabadha, where he died.من كان أبو عبيدة بن الجراح؟
Abu Ubayda was the trustee of this community. He was one of the Ten promised Paradise and the commander of the conquest of Syria, and he succeeded Khalid as commander of the army. He died in the plague of Amwas in 639.من كان آدم؟
Adam was the father of humankind and the first prophet. God created him with His own hand, had the angels prostrate before him, settled him in the Garden, and then sent him down to earth as a vicegerent (khalifa).من كان داود؟
Dawud was a prophet of God and king of the Children of Israel; he killed Goliath with his sling, the Psalms (al-Zabur) were revealed to him, God softened iron for him, and the mountains glorified God along with him.من كان إبراهيم الخليل؟
Ibrahim, the Friend of God and father of the prophets; he broke his people's idols, was saved from the fire of Nimrod, built the Ka'ba with Ismail, and all of prophethood came from his descendants.من كان عيسى بن مريم؟
Isa ibn Maryam, the Word of God and a spirit from Him; he was born without a father, the Gospel was revealed to him, he brought the dead to life by God's leave, and God raised him up to Himself.من كان إسماعيل؟
Ismail ibn Ibrahim, known as al-Dhabih; his father left him as an infant in Mecca, God caused Zamzam to gush forth, he helped build the Ka'ba with his father, and from his line came the Arabized Arabs and Muhammad.من كان خالد بن الوليد؟
Khalid ibn al-Walid, the Drawn Sword of God and one of the greatest military commanders of Islam. He was victorious at Mu'ta, and after embracing Islam he took part in the conquest of Syria, the conquest of Iraq and the battle of Yarmuk. He was never defeated.من كان معاذ بن جبل؟
Muadh ibn Jabal, the most learned of the community in what is lawful and unlawful; the Prophet sent him as a judge and teacher to Yemen. He died young in the plague of Amwas in 639, and the scholars of his time agreed on his jurisprudence.من كان موسى؟
Musa son of Imran, Kalim Allah; the greatest of the prophets of the Children of Israel, bearer of the Torah and the nine miracles, and the one through whom the Children of Israel were delivered from Pharaoh.من كان مصعب بن عمير؟
Musab ibn Umayr, the first envoy in Islam; the Prophet sent him to Medina to teach its people the Qur'an before the Hijra, and he was martyred carrying the banner at the Battle of Uhud.من كان نوح؟
Nuh, the first of the Messengers of Steadfast Resolve; he called his people for a thousand years less fifty, and only a few believed. He built the ark by God's command, and the believers were saved from the Flood.من كان سعد بن أبي وقاص؟
Saad ibn Abi Waqqas, the first to shoot an arrow in the cause of God and one whose supplications are answered; commander at al-Qadisiyya, conqueror of Persia and founder of Kufa.من كان سليمان؟
Sulayman son of Dawud, a prophet and king; God subjected the wind and the jinn to him, taught him the speech of birds, gave him a great kingdom to rule, and he built Bayt al-Maqdis.من كان طلحة بن عبيد الله؟
Talha ibn Ubayd Allah al-Fayyad, one of the Ten Given Glad Tidings of Paradise, and the man of the Day of Uhud who shielded the Prophet with his own body; killed at the Battle of the Camel in 656.من كان يونس ذا النون؟
Yunus ibn Matta, Dhu al-Nun. He was angry with his people and boarded a ship. A fish swallowed him, and he called out in the darknesses, and God saved him. All of Nineveh then believed in him.من كان يوسف الصديق؟
Yusuf ibn Yaqub, a prophet of God. His brothers threw him into the well and sold him as a slave. The al-Aziz of Egypt bought him, and he endured the trial and prison until he was given charge of the treasuries of Egypt.من كان الزبير بن العوام؟
al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, a close companion (hawari) of the Prophet and son of his aunt Safiyya. He was the first to draw a sword in the cause of God, and he was one of the ten given glad tidings of Paradise. He was killed in Wadi al-Siba after the Battle of the Camel.
اسکریننگ روم
أبو لهب
1953 عیسوی · 1372 ھ†An early Egyptian film dramatising Abu Lahab's opposition to Islam in Mecca — among the first Arabic films on a Qur'anic figure.المسيح
2007 عیسوی · 1428 ھ†Nader Talebzadeh's Iranian film presenting the life of Jesus from the Islamic perspective, including the Muslim account of the crucifixion.المهاجر
1994 عیسوی · 1415 ھ†Youssef Chahine's retelling of the Joseph story set in ancient Egypt; its release sparked a legal battle in Egypt over depicting Qur'anic prophets on screen.أصحاب الكهف
Farajollah Salahshour's Iranian series on the People of the Cave — the youths who slept through a pagan empire's persecution; an early Iranian religious drama widely dubbed into Arabic.بلال: جيل جديد من الأبطال
2015 عیسوی · 1436 ھ†The Emirati animated feature on Bilal ibn Rabah, from enslavement to becoming Islam's first muezzin — the first animated feature of its scale on a Companion.براءة المسلمين
2012 عیسوی · 1433 ھ†A US short film produced by Nakoula Basseley Nakoula insulting the Prophet; its trailer ignited protests and attacks across several countries in 2012 and became a legal and diplomatic incident. Indexed as a document of anti-Islam polemics, not endorsed.فجر الإسلام
1971 عیسوی · 1391 ھ†Salah Dehni's Syrian film on Islam's dawn in Mecca and Quraysh's rejection — an early drama of the first preaching years that does not show the Prophet.حياة محمد
A three-part BBC documentary presented by Rageh Omaar, tracing the Prophet's life on location in Arabia with scholars and contemporary Muslims.الإسلام: إمبراطورية الإيمان
A three-part PBS/Gardner Films documentary surveying Islamic history from the Prophet's mission to the Ottoman empire — one of the most-broadcast documentaries on Islamic civilisation in the West.ملك سليمان
2010 عیسوی · 1431 ھ†Shahriar Bahrani's Iranian film on the prophet Solomon's kingdom as told in Islamic sources; Solomon appears on screen per Iranian convention.مريم المقدسة
2001 عیسوی · 1422 ھ†Shahriar Bahrani's Iranian film about Maryam daughter of Imran and the birth of Jesus, told from the Qur'anic and Islamic tradition.محمد: إرث نبي
2002 عیسوی · 1423 ھ†A UPF documentary broadcast on PBS that interweaves the Prophet's biography with the lives of contemporary American Muslims.محمد خاتم الأنبياء
2002 عیسوی · 1423 ھ†An American animated feature about the Prophet's mission and the rise of Islam in Mecca, produced by Badr International; the Prophet is neither shown nor heard.محمد رسول الله
2015 عیسوی · 1436 ھ†Majid Majidi's Iranian epic about the Prophet's childhood in Mecca; he is shown from behind and in silhouette, never his face. It was planned as the first part of a trilogy.قمر بني هاشم
The Syrian series on the Banu Hashim from Abd al-Muttalib to the Prophet's mission; it answers the depiction question by showing the Prophet's trace, not his person.سلمان الفارسي
Davoud Mirbagheri's Iranian mega-series on Salman al-Farisi's journey from Persia to Islam and his meeting with the Prophet — Iran's largest recent religious production.شهيد كوفه
Davoud Mirbagheri's Iranian series on Ali ibn Abi Talib from the Prophet's death to his martyrdom in Kufa; Ali is depicted on screen, per Shia convention.عمر
An MBC historical series following the life of Umar ibn al-Khattab from the Jahiliya to his assassination as caliph; the Prophet is neither shown nor heard.يوسف الصديق
A 45-episode Iranian series telling the complete story of the prophet Joseph; dubbed into dozens of languages and among Iran's most successful religious dramas.
کیا چیز غائب ہے؟ ہمیں بتائیں · موضوع اس وقت کھلتا ہے جب اس کی جائزہ شدہ رہنمائی، 10 سوالات، 5 اقسام میں 25 اندراجات، اور کئی روایات اور خطوں کی آوازیں ہوں۔