At a glance
- Era
- Pre-Islamic Arabia
- Region
- Levant & Iraq
- Review
- Draft Completeness 1/5 · Help complete it
Al-Hira was the capital of the Lakhmids, the Arab kings who served the Persians on the edge of the desert; its people submitted to Ardashir, founder of the Sasanian state, and its last king before the conquest was al-Mundhir al-Ma'rur in 632 CE.
Al-Hira, capital of the Lakhmids — the Arab kings who served the Persians on the desert's edge; its people and Anbar submitted to Ardashir, founder of the Sasanian state. In his reign Jadhima al-Abrash governed al-Hira and the Arabs of the Iraqi and Jaziran steppe of Rabi'a and Mudar, Ardashir keeping a Persian unit with its king against the desert Arabs who broke his rule. After Jadhima, Amr ibn Adi, first of the Lakhmid kings, held al-Hira, and the house of Lakhm continued to al-Nu'man ibn al-Mundhir, then Iyas ibn Qabisa, then a Persian governor, then al-Mundhir al-Ma'rur in 632 CE, whom Khalid ibn al-Walid (may God be pleased with him) reached with the Muslim armies. The tribes near al-Hira were subject to its king in name more than deed; some of its kings adopted Christianity; and weaving and tanning were among the crafts of Yemen, al-Hira and the fringes of Syria.
Storytellers (10–12) read the Explorers text, then cross to the Scholars text.
Al-Hira, capital of the Lakhmids — the Arab kings who served the Persians on the desert's edge; its people and Anbar submitted to Ardashir, founder of the Sasanian state. In Ardashir's reign Jadhima al-Abrash governed al-Hira and all the Arabs of the Iraqi and Jaziran steppe of Rabi'a and Mudar, and Ardashir kept a Persian unit with the king of al-Hira to use against the desert Arabs who broke his rule. After Jadhima, Amr ibn Adi, first of the Lakhmid kings, held al-Hira, and the house of Lakhm continued to al-Nu'man ibn al-Mundhir, then Iyas ibn Qabisa, then a Persian governor, then al-Mundhir al-Ma'rur in 632 CE, whom Khalid ibn al-Walid (may God be pleased with him) reached with the Muslim armies. What tribes were near al-Hira were subject to its king in name rather than fact; some of al-Hira's kings adopted Christianity; and weaving and tanning were among the crafts of the people of Yemen, al-Hira and the fringes of Syria.
Summary
Its kings
In Ardashir's time, the governorship of al-Hira and of all who lived in the Iraqi and Jazira desert, from Rabi'a and Mudar, belonged to Jadhima al-Abrash. Ardashir kept a unit of Persian soldiers with the king of al-Hira, to help him against the desert Arabs who rebelled against his rule 3. After Jadhima, Amr ibn Adi, the first of the Lakhmid kings, ruled al-Hira. The house of Lakhm continued through al-Nu'man ibn al-Mundhir, then Iyas ibn Qabisa, then a Persian ruler, and then al-Mundhir al-Maghrur in 632 CE, to whom Khalid ibn al-Walid (may God be pleased with him) came with the armies of the Muslims 3 4.
Subjection and religion
For young visitors
Al-Hira is an old Arab city near Kufa. Its kings served the kings of Persia and guarded their frontiers.
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Connections
- Related to
- Abu Burqan
- Ruled by
- al-Harith ibn Amr al-Kindi· al-Mundhir al-Ma'rur· al-Mundhir ibn Maʾ al-Samaʾ· al-Nuʾman ibn al-Mundhir· Amr ibn Adi ibn Nasr al-Lakhmi· Iyas ibn Qabisa al-Taʾi· Jadhima al-Abrash
- Home of
- عمرو بن هند
- Site of
- Abu Ubayd's Dispatch to Iraq· The killing of Amr ibn Hind, called Mudarrit al-Hijara· The Devising and Spread of Arabic Script· Battle of Ullays (12 AH)· The Peace of al-Hira· the day of ʿAyn Ubāgh — al-Mundhir ibn Māʾ al-Samāʾ killed by the Ghassanid al-Ḥārith
People and things also explored
Lakhm (the Manadhira)· The Battle of Dhu Qar· al-Nuʿmān III summoned by Khusraw — the deposit with Hāniʾ and death at Khāniqīn· al-Muthanna ibn Haritha· Khalid ibn al-Walid· The killing of Amr ibn Hind, called Mudarrit al-Hijara· The Peace of al-Hira· the day of ʿAyn Ubāgh — al-Mundhir ibn Māʾ al-Samāʾ killed by the Ghassanid al-Ḥārith
Sources
- al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.25
- Muhadarat Tarikh al-Umam al-Islamiyya — Muhammad al-Khudari , 1/29-32
- al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.26
- al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.27
- al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.32
- al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.41
- al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.46
- Futuh al-Buldan — al-Baladhuri (Mu'assasat al-Ma'arif edition)
- Muruj al-Dhahab — al-Masʼudi
Cite this page
islam.museum contributors. “al-Hira”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/place/al-hira/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-26.