al-Nuʾman ibn al-Mundhir

النعمان بن المنذر

The Lakhmid king of al-Hira whom Khosrow summoned after the courtier Zayd ibn Adi’s intrigue; he entrusted his family and wealth to Hani ibn Masʾud of Banu Shayban, then went to Khosrow who imprisoned him until death — the refusal to surrender that deposit ignited Dhu Qar.

Depth

At a glance

Era
Pre-Islamic Arabia
Region
Arabia
Review
Draft Completeness 2/5 · Help complete it

Wars and campaigns

Place in the story

    Arabian polytheism (debated)

    Roles are dated and sourced; the museum describes the act and attributes the judgement.

    Summary

    Al-Nu'man ibn al-Mundhir was king of al-Hira. Kisra grew angry with him over a slander contrived by Zayd ibn Adi al-Ibadi. He entrusted his family and wealth to Hani' ibn Mas'ud, lord of the Shayban, and then went to Kisra, who imprisoned him until he died. Hani's refusal to hand over the deposit was the cause of the Day of Dhu Qar 1 2.

    Slander and imprisonment

    The kingship continued after al-Mundhir ibn Ma al-Sama in his line, until the reign of al-Nu'man ibn al-Mundhir. Kisra grew angry with him because of Zayd ibn Adi's slander, and sent for him. Al-Nu'man set out and alighted in secret at Hani' ibn Mas'ud's, and deposited with him his family and wealth. Then he went to Kisra, who imprisoned him until he died 1.

    What followed

    Kisra appointed Iyas ibn Qabisa al-Ta'i over al-Hira in his place, and ordered him to demand from Hani' the surrender of what he held. Hani' refused and announced war on the king, and the battle of Dhu Qar followed 1.

    Notes for researchers

    The author does not name this Kisra on this page. The one meant is generally known as Khosrow II (Parviz). No link has been made to his entry until the page is checked against a second source.

    For young visitors

    Al-Nu'man was a king who entrusted a friend with his family and wealth before going to an angry king. He was imprisoned and died, and his friend defended the trust with the sword.

    Connections

    Explore the connections

    Parent of
    al-Gharur ibn al-Mundhir
    Ruler of
    al-Hira
    Member of
    Lakhm (the Manadhira)
    Participated in
    The Battle of Dhu Qar· al-Nuʿmān III summoned by Khusraw — the deposit with Hāniʾ and death at Khāniqīn· the day of al-Silān — al-Nuʿmān's convoy trap against Banū ʿĀmir undone
    Protected by
    Hani ibn Masʾud al-Shaybani
    Opposed by
    Zayd ibn Adi al-Ibadi

    People and things also explored

    Iyas ibn Qabisa al-Taʾi· Hani ibn Masʾud al-Shaybani· al-Nuʿmān III summoned by Khusraw — the deposit with Hāniʾ and death at Khāniqīn· al-Mundhir al-Ma'rur· al-Mundhir ibn Maʾ al-Samaʾ· Amr ibn Adi ibn Nasr al-Lakhmi· The Battle of Dhu Qar· Banu Shayban (of Bakr ibn Waʾil)

    Sources

    1. al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.26
    2. Muhadarat Tarikh al-Umam al-Islamiyya — Muhammad al-Khudari , 1/29-32
    • Muruj al-Dhahab — al-Masʼudi
    • al-Nuwayri, Nihayat al-Arab fi Funun al-Adab, vol. 3 (scan)
    Cite this page

    islam.museum contributors. “al-Nuʾman ibn al-Mundhir”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/person/al-numan-ibn-al-mundhir/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-23.

    Improve this page on GitHub · Report an error · JSON

    Wing

    People

    Prophets, companions, scholars, rulers, scientists, poets, travelers: women and men who shaped the story.
    Related

    Iyas ibn Qabisa al-Taʾi

    The Tayyi governor Khosrow set over al-Hira after imprisoning al-Nuʾman; ordered to extract the deposit from Hani ibn Masʾud, his expedition with Khosrow’s marzabans was broken by Banu Shayban at Dhu Qar; the Prophet was born in the eighth month of his governorship.