Misr (Egypt)

Egypt is a land whose crops are watered by the Nile without rain, as al-Idrisi says, bordering the land of Nubia to the south and the sea to the north. It has gardens, trees, palms and sugar cane, and it is reached only through desert crossings — the Red Sea to the east and the western Sahara.

Egypt in al-Idrisi's account is a land whose crops are watered by the Nile without rain, bordering Nubia to the south and the sea to the north, holding gardens, trees, palms and sugar cane, its people sowing on the floodwater. Al-Maqrizi reports from the geographers that the lands of Egypt fall partly in the Second Clime — Qus, Ikhmim and Aswan in Upper Egypt — and partly in the Third — from Asyut to Fustat, Fayyum, Cairo, Alexandria and Damietta; Fustat and Cairo sit at fifty-five degrees longitude and thirty degrees latitude. It is reached only through a wilderness: the Red Sea to the east, the Sahara of the Maghrib to the west, the wastes of Nubia and Abyssinia to the south and the sea of Syria to the north.

Egypt in al-Idrisi's Nuzhat al-Mushtaq is a land whose crops are watered by the Nile without rain, bordering the land of Nubia to the south and the sea to the north; it holds gardens, trees, palms and sugar cane, its people sowing on the floodwater. Al-Maqrizi in the Khitat reports from the geographers that the lands of Egypt fall partly in the Second Clime — what lies in Upper Egypt like Qus, Ikhmim and Aswan — and partly in the Third Clime — from Asyut to Fustat, Fayyum, Cairo, Alexandria and Damietta; Fustat and Cairo lying at fifty-five degrees longitude and thirty degrees latitude. It is reached only through a wilderness: to its east the Red Sea (Bahr al-Qulzum), to its west the Sahara of the Maghrib, to its south the wastes of Nubia and Abyssinia, to its north the sea of Syria.