The general famine and plague of 448

الغلاء والوباء العام سنة 448

c. 1056 CE · 448 AH

Misr (Egypt) → Baghdad

In 448 Egypt saw severe drought and rampant plague while Iraq was awash with strife, fear and looting from Tughril Beg's bands, the Bedouin and al-Basasiri; famine and pestilence struck until people ate carrion — a makuk of clover seed reached seven dinars, a pomegranate a dinar — and a report from Egypt told of three thieves found dead mid-burglary, one at the door, one on the stairs, one on the folded clothes 1.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Early Abbasid Caliphate
Region
Egypt & Nile · Levant & Iraq
Review
Draft Completeness 2/5 · Help complete it

In time

1040105010601070 c.
The Buyid, Fatimid and Seljuk Era

In space

Baghdad

Map: Natural Earth, public domain · places and route from the graph

Summary

In 448 AH a severe famine and heavy plague struck Egypt. Iraq was full of strife, fear and plunder by the followers of Tughril Beg, by Bedouin, and by al-Basasiri 1.

Prices

Ibn al-Jawzi wrote in al-Shudhur: famine and plague fell on people, the air grew thin, flies multiplied, and hunger became so great that people ate carrion. A measure of greens seed reached seven dinars, and a quince or a pomegranate a dinar, and so did a cucumber. Famine and plague spread across all the lands 1.

The three thieves

A letter came from Egypt that three thieves had broken into a house, and in the morning they were found dead: one at the door of the house, the second at the top of the stairs, and the third on the bundle of clothes 1.

Connections

Explore the connections

Occurred at
Misr (Egypt)· Baghdad

People and things also explored

The Nizamiyya Madrasa of Baghdad· Bayt al-Hikma — the House of Wisdom· The 'Adudi Bimaristan· al-Bimaristan al-Muqtadiri· Bimaristan al-Sayyida· Dar al-'Ilm of Baghdad (Sabur's library)· The Jami' al-Qati'a of Baghdad· The mosque of Qati'at Umm Ja'far

Sources

  1. Shadharat al-Dhahab — Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali , p. 278
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “The general famine and plague of 448”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/famine-iraq-egypt-448/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-22.

Improve this page on GitHub · Report an error · JSON

Wing

Time

Eras, timelines, this day in history, any year in the Islamic world.
Related

The Nizamiyya Madrasa of Baghdad

The Nizamiyya of Baghdad, first and most famous of the madrasas founded by the vizier Nizam al-Mulk al-Tusi: building began in 457 and sisters rose at Nishapur, Isfahan, Herat, Basra, Mosul and Amid; the Imam al-Haramayn al-Juwayni then Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi taught in it, and it mothered the Sunni institutional model that the later madrasas of Baghdad followed — the caliphs prayed there and Nizam al-Mulk himself visited to inspect its library.