تمرلنك

تمرلنك

c. February 1405 CE · 17 Sha'ban 807 AH

The conqueror whose rise began in 773 — of peasant stock, a thief and road-cutter who rose through the sultan's horse-master — he 'ruined the lands and destroyed the people' till his death on Wednesday 17 Sha'ban 807 1.

Depth

At a glance

Roles
sultan · General
Era
The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era
Region
Persia & Central Asia
Review
Draft Completeness 1/5 · Help complete it

Life in time

13001325135013751400142514501475150015251550 c. c.
The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks · The Gunpowder Empires · The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era Contemporaries: Abd al-Baqi Yazdi · Abd al-Karim al-Jili · Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi · Abd Allah ibn Miqdad al-Aqfahsi · Abu Zayyan Muhammad V, Marinid Sultan

Overview

Timurlane, a Turco-Mongol commander. He began his campaign in the year 773 AH, and died on the night of Wednesday, the seventeenth of Sha'ban in the year 807 AH, as al-Suyuti reports 2.

His origins

al-Suyuti reports that he was of peasant stock, and grew up as a thief and highwayman. He then joined the service of the master of the sultan's horses, succeeded him after his death, and kept rising. al-Suyuti transmits that he "ruined the lands and destroyed the people". This is the judgement of the historian, not the museum's 2.

His conquests in the Shadharat

Ibn al-Imad reports in Shadharat al-Dhahab that he invaded India in the year 801 AH and took Delhi, enslaving a great number of people 3.

He lists the stages of his rule: Khwarazm, then Transoxiana, then Samarqand, then Khurasan, then Herat, then Tabaristan and Gurgan, then Tabriz and Azerbaijan, then Isfahan, then Baghdad, then Sivas, Aleppo and Damascus 4.

He also reports that he defeated Toqtamish Khan, lord of Sarai, in his rule in the year 797 AH 4. See Toqtamish, lord of Sarai.

Connections

Explore the connections

Fought by
Ahmad ibn Uways al-Jalayiri· Toqtamish ibn Burdbik, lord of Saray
Parent of
Shah Rukh ibn Timur
Participated in
Timur Takes Delhi in 801 AH· Timur's Event at Damascus in 803 AH· The battle of Ankara and the capture of Bayezid the Thunderbolt· Ibn Khaldun's Audience with Timur beneath Damascus· The Beginning of Timur's Rise

People and things also explored

Ahmad ibn Aqbaras, the Khwarazmian· Ahmad b. Shah Rukh· السلطان الظاهر برقوق· بايزيد الأول الصاعقة· Shams al-Din Ibn al-Jazari· Ibn Khaldun· Ibrahim ibn Muflih, shaykh of the Hanbalis· Amirzada Ibrahim b. Shah Rukh

Sources

  1. Tarikh al-Khulafa — al-Suyuti (Dar al-Minhaj edition) , p. 758
  2. Tarikh al-Khulafa — al-Suyuti (Dar al-Minhaj edition) , p.758
  3. Shadharat al-Dhahab — Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali , p.3
  4. Shadharat al-Dhahab — Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali , p.71-72
  • Nawadir Juha al-Kubra, ed. Darwish al-Juwaydi (al-Dar al-Namudhajiya)
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “تمرلنك”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/person/timur-lang/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-23.

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Related

Ahmad ibn Aqbaras, the Khwarazmian

Al-Khwarazmi al-Salihi; he heard from Ishaq al-Amidi, Muhammad ibn al-Muhibb and Zaynab bint al-Kamal. Ibn Hajar said: 'I took much from him at al-Salihiyya, and he was a good man'; he died in the fitna (the turmoil).