بايزيد الأول الصاعقة

بايزيد الأول الصاعقة

1402 CE · 805 AH

Bayezid I 'Yildirim' (r. 1389–1402 CE) — 'the Thunderbolt' who shuttled between the Balkan and Anatolian fronts; al-Sallabi has him subduing Bulgaria in 797/1393, crushing the European crusader host at Nicopolis in 800/1396, and grinding down Constantinople under siege before Timur broke him at Ankara in 804/1402, after which he died in captivity and the state fell into civil war among his sons 1; Ibn al-'Imad says he died in captivity — 'whether of grief or otherwise' — having never styled himself sultan or king, sitting mornings to remove grievances, and that Timur took most of Anatolia and went home in Sha'ban 805 2.

Depth

At a glance

Roles
Ruler · military
Era
The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era
Region
Anatolia
Identifiers
Wikidata
Review
Draft Completeness 2/5 · Help complete it

Life in time

13001325135013751400142514501475150015251550 c.
The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks · The Gunpowder Empires · The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era Contemporaries: Abd al-Baqi Yazdi · Abd al-Karim al-Jili · Abd al-Rahman al-Tha'alibi · Abd Allah ibn Miqdad al-Aqfahsi · Abu Zayyan Muhammad V, Marinid Sultan

Overview

Sultan Bayezid I, son of Murad I, who ruled from 791 to 805 AH (1389–1402 CE). He took the throne after his father was killed. Al-Salabi describes him as brave and eager for conquests. 3

He moved quickly between the Balkan and Anatolian fronts, so they called him "the Thunderbolt". He made the Christian principalities of Anatolia subject to the state. 3

He established friendly relations with the Serbs, and agreed that the two sons of King Lazar should rule them on condition that they gave him allegiance, tribute and a number of soldiers. 3

His rule ended with his capture at Ankara in 805 AH (1402 CE); the Gregorian conversion is derived. 4

Connections

Explore the connections

Child of
مراد الأول
Participated in
The battle of Ankara and the capture of Bayezid the Thunderbolt
Parent of
İsa Çelebi· محمد الأول جلبي· Musa Çelebi· Prince Mustafa, son of Bayezid I· Süleyman Çelebi (prince)

People and things also explored

The Ottoman Interregnum (Fetret Devri)· İsa Çelebi· محمد الأول جلبي· Musa Çelebi· Süleyman Çelebi (prince)· Sheikh Badr al-Din of Simavna· مراد الثاني· The first battle of Kosovo and the martyrdom of Murad I

Sources

  1. al-Dawla al-Uthmaniyya — Ali Muhammad al-Salabi (2001) , p. 65-70
  2. Shadharat al-Dhahab — Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali , p. 55
  3. al-Dawla al-Uthmaniyya — Ali Muhammad al-Salabi (2001) , p.60
  4. al-Dawla al-Uthmaniyya — Ali Muhammad al-Salabi (2001)
  • Nawadir Juha al-Kubra, ed. Darwish al-Juwaydi (al-Dar al-Namudhajiya)
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “بايزيد الأول الصاعقة”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/person/bayazid-i-yildirim/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-23.

Improve this page on GitHub · Report an error · JSON

Wing

People

Prophets, companions, scholars, rulers, scientists, poets, travelers: women and men who shaped the story.
Related

The Ottoman Interregnum (Fetret Devri)

The Ottoman civil war among Bayezid I's sons after Ankara — ten years (806–816/1403–1413 in the book's reckoning). Mustafa was presumed dead in the battle; Musa, captured with his father, was released by Timur to stoke the strife; the eldest Süleyman proclaimed himself sultan at Edirne, İsa at Bursa, and the youngest Mehmed held Amasya, while Timur restored the Anatolian beyliks Bayezid had annexed. It ended when Mehmed stood alone in 1413 and gathered the lost lands.