محمد الأول جلبي

محمد الأول جلبي

1379 CE · 781 AH – 1421 CE · 824 AH

Mehmed I (1379–1421 CE) — the youngest of Bayezid's sons, who fell back on Amasya after Ankara and beat his brothers one by one to reign sole from 1413; 'the second founder' who spent his eight years reunifying the state, personally broke Sheikh Badr al-Din's rising, moved the capital from 'warriors' Edirne' to 'jurists' Bursa', and first sent the annual surra gift to the Amir of Mecca 1. He died at Edirne in 824/1421 aged forty-three, his viziers concealing the death forty-one days until Murad II arrived 2.

Depth

At a glance

Roles
Ruler · military
Era
The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era
Region
Anatolia
Identifiers
Wikidata
Review
Draft Completeness 2/5 · Help complete it

Life in time

13001325135013751400142514501475 c. c. c.
The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks · The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era Contemporaries: Abd al-Karim al-Jili · Al-Abbi, Muhammad ibn Khalfa · Nasir al-Din al-Barinbari · Shams al-Din al-Barmawi · Al-Barzali, Abu al-Qasim ibn Ahmad

Overview

Sultan Muhammad I (781–824 AH / 1379–1421 CE), known as Muhammad Celebi, son of Bayezid I. 3

Reign

He took power after his father's death, and overcame his brothers one by one until the rule was settled for him. He spent his eight years of rule rebuilding and consolidating the state, and some historians count him the second founder of the Ottoman state. 3

Al-Salabi says that he took part in twenty-four wars and was wounded forty times, and that he made peace with and allied himself to the emperor of Constantinople. 3

He was the first Ottoman sultan to send the annual gift known as the surra to the amir of Mecca, to be distributed among the poor of Mecca and Medina. His people loved him and called him "Bahlawan", that is the hero. On his deathbed he told his son Murad that he had appointed him his successor and ordered him to obey him. 3

Connections

Explore the connections

Opposed by
Sheikh Badr al-Din of Simavna· Börklüce Mustafa
Related to
Bayezid Pasha
Sibling of
İsa Çelebi· Süleyman Çelebi (prince)· Musa Çelebi
Child of
بايزيد الأول الصاعقة
Participated in
The Ottoman Interregnum (Fetret Devri)
Parent of
مراد الثاني

People and things also explored

Musa Çelebi· İsa Çelebi· Süleyman Çelebi (prince)· The Ottoman Interregnum (Fetret Devri)· بايزيد الأول الصاعقة· Sheikh Badr al-Din of Simavna· Börklüce Mustafa· Prince Mustafa, son of Bayezid I

Sources

  1. al-Dawla al-Uthmaniyya — Ali Muhammad al-Salabi (2001) , p. 70-78
  2. al-Dawla al-Uthmaniyya — Ali Muhammad al-Salabi (2001) , p. 77-78
  3. al-Dawla al-Uthmaniyya — Ali Muhammad al-Salabi (2001) , p.76-77
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “محمد الأول جلبي”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/person/muhammad-i-jalabi/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-22.

Improve this page on GitHub · Report an error · JSON

Wing

People

Prophets, companions, scholars, rulers, scientists, poets, travelers: women and men who shaped the story.
Related

Musa Çelebi

Musa Çelebi, son of Bayezid I — captured with his father at Ankara in 804/1402, then released by Timur expressly 'to stoke the fire of strife' among the rival princes. He established himself in Rumelia with Sheikh Badr al-Din as his qadi 'askar; the Shaqa'iq al-Nu'maniyya records that his brother Muhammad killed him and confined Badr al-Din at Iznik.