al-Mustanjid bi'llah Yusuf ibn al-Mutawakkil
The author's own reigning caliph [859–884], investing five sultans ending with Qaytbay; confined to the citadel by Khushqadam after Janim's bid, he died there Saturday 14 Muharram 884 near ninety, and was buried in the Abbasid cemetery by the Nafisa shrine.
Reign · Abbasid Caliphate of Cairo · no. 14 in the chain · 1455–1479 CE
Ruled the caliphate
Events of the reign
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Al-Sakhawi's first pilgrimage by sea with his mother and family, 870/1466
Al-Sakhawi made no pilgrimage until after Ibn Hajar's death: he sailed via Damietta with his mother, hearing scholars at al-Tur, Yanbu' and Jeddah, reached Mecca in early Sha'ban and stayed to perform the hajj of 870 (July-August 1466) with his parents, wife and eldest brothers. He read inside the Ka'ba, at the Hijr, on the caves of Thawr and Hira', at Mina and Masjid al-Khayf, before Abu al-Fath al-Maraghi, Taqi al-Din ibn Fahd, Abu al-Sa'adat ibn Zahira and over thirty other masters; on the return he read facing the Prophetic Chamber in Medina before al-Badr ibn Farhun. It was his first pilgrimage.
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Al-Sakhawi's hajj of 875 and two-year sojourn in the holy cities, 1471
Al-Sakhawi performed the hajj in 875/1471, then sojourned in Mecca through 876 and into 877, of which he spent three months in Medina, before returning to Cairo.
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Al-Sakhawi's Syrian rihla: Aleppo, Damascus, Jerusalem, c. 873
After returning from his first hajj and the Alexandrian rihla, al-Sakhawi set out for Aleppo, hearing on the way at Siryagus, the Khanqah, Bilbays, Qatya, Gaza, Majdal, Ramla, Jerusalem, Hebron, Nablus, Damascus and its Salihiyya, Homs, Hama, Aleppo and Tripoli — from near a hundred teachers. In Jerusalem he drew on Taqi al-Din al-Qalqashandi's notebooks; in Aleppo its hafiz Abu Dharr al-Hili lent him books and walked him round the remaining shaykhs until the Sunan of al-Daraqutni was fetched from Damascus for him to take. Ibn al-Imad too records that he entered Aleppo, Damascus and Jerusalem.
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Al-Suyuti begins his formal studies, 864/1460
Al-Suyuti began his formal study of the religious sciences in Rabiʿ I 864; he had already finished the Qur’an before the age of eight, then memorised ʿUmdat al-Ahkam, al-Nawawi’s Minhaj, Ibn Malik’s Alfiyya and al-Baydawi’s Minhaj and presented them to the scholars of his day, who licensed him. From Shawwal 865 he attended the lessons of ʿAlam al-Din al-Bulqini, kept to Sharaf al-Din al-Munawi until the latter’s death, and read with al-Mahalli and al-Sirami among others.
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Al-Suyuti completes Tafsir al-Jalalayn, 870/1466
Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti began his completion of Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli's commentary on Wednesday 1 Ramadan 870 AH, finished it on Sunday 10 Shawwal of the same year and finished the fair copy on Wednesday 6 Safar 871; it runs from the start of al-Baqara to the end of al-Isra'.
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Al-Suyuti revives hadith dictation at the mosque of Ibn Tulun, 872/1467
In 872/1467 al-Suyuti took up again the tradition of dictating hadith (imlaʿ) in the mosque of Ibn Tulun, where his father had been a preacher; the practice had lapsed some twenty years earlier at the death of Ibn Hajar al-ʿAsqalani.
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Al-Suyuti succeeds his father teaching at the mosque of Shaykhu, 867/1463
In 867/1463, hardly eighteen years old, al-Suyuti inherited his father’s position: he taught Shafiʿi law in the mosque of Shaykhu and gave juridical consultations, handling a range of sciences in his fatwas with remarkable brilliance.
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Al-Suyuti appointed teacher of hadith at the Shaykhuniyya, 877/1472
In 877/1472 al-Suyuti obtained the post of teacher of hadith at the Shaykhuniyya; though nominated by his teacher al-Kafiyaji, he seems to have owed the appointment also to the support of a Mamluk amir.
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Attack on Antalya (1472)
Draft card for the raid on Antalya in 1472, the Venetian attack on the Ottoman city; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Albulena
Draft card for the Battle of Albulena in 1457, Skanderbeg's famed victory over the Ottoman army in Albania; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Baziaș (1460)
Draft card for the Battle of Baziaș in 1460, an Ottoman–Hungarian clash; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Buzău (1462)
Draft card for Battle of Buzău (1462); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Chapakchur
Draft card for the Battle of Chapakchur in 1467, Uzun Hasan's victory over Jahan Shah of the Qara Qoyunlu; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Erzincan (1473)
Draft card for Battle of Erzincan (1473); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Ghwarah Marghah (1460)
Draft card for Battle of Ghwarah Marghah (1460); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Harput
Draft card for the Battle of Harput in 1465, Uzun Hasan's victory over the Ottomans near Harput; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Khoy (1468)
Draft card for Battle of Khoy (1468); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Khoy (1478)
Draft card for the Battle of Khoy in 1478, of the Aq Qoyunlu succession dispute; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Kıreli (1472)
Draft card for the Battle of Kıreli in 1472, an Ottoman–Karamanid clash; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Ključ
Draft card for the Battle of Ključ in 1463, the Ottoman victory completing the conquest of Bosnia; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Kokovo (1478)
Draft card for Battle of Kokovo (1478); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Koyulhisar (1461)
Draft card for Battle of Koyulhisar (1461); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Larende (1468)
Draft card for Battle of Larende (1468); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Malatya (1473)
Draft card for the Battle of Malatya in 1473, an Ottoman–Aq Qoyunlu clash in the contest with Uzun Hasan; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Meçad
Draft card for the Battle of Meçad in 1465, Skanderbeg's victory over Ballaban Pasha's campaign; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Mokra
Draft card for the Battle of Mokra in 1462, Skanderbeg's victory over Sinan Pasha; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Mush (1467)
Draft card for Battle of Mush (1467); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Mystras (1464)
Draft card for Battle of Mystras (1464); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Ohrid
Draft card for the Battle of Ohrid in 1464, Skanderbeg's victory over the Ottoman army in Macedonia; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Oranik
Draft card for the Battle of Oranik in 1456, Skanderbeg's victory over the Ottoman army; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Otlukbeli
Draft card for the Battle of Otlukbeli in 1473, Mehmed the Conqueror's victory over Uzun Hasan of the Aq Qoyunlu; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Patras
Draft card for the Battle of Patras in 1466, the Ottoman repulse of the Venetian attack in the Morea; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Qarabagh
Draft card for the Battle of Qarabagh in 1469, Uzun Hasan's victory over the Timurid army; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of the Samur River (1460)
Draft card for Battle of the Samur River (1460); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Turnu (1462)
Draft card for Battle of Turnu (1462); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Vaikal
Draft card for the Battle of Vaikal in 1465, Skanderbeg's victory over the Ottomans in Albania; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Valea Albă
Draft card for the Battle of Valea Albă in 1476, Mehmed II's victory over Stephen the Great in Moldavia; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Vaslui
Draft card for the Battle of Vaslui in 1475, Stephen the Great's victory over the Ottoman army in Moldavia; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Battle of Zvornik (1464)
Draft card for Battle of Zvornik (1464); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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The great fire of Bulaq, 862 AH
In 862 a fire the like of which had not been heard of broke out at Bulaq.
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Conquest of Trebizond
Mehmed II marched in person on Trebizond, the last Byzantine Greek state on the Black Sea, took it and ended the Komnenos empire.
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Eighth Siege of Gibraltar
Draft card for the Eighth Siege of Gibraltar in 1462, Castile's final capture of the Rock from the Muslims; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Inal's abdication and Khushqadam's accession
In 865 the sultan al-Ashraf Inal abdicated to his son al-Mu'ayyad Ahmad on Wednesday 14 Jumada I and died a day later; the atabeg Khushqadam deposed the son after five months and five days and took the sultanate as al-Zahir Khushqadam on Sunday 11 Ramadan 865.
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Death of Sultan Abd al-Haqq the Marinid, 869
Ramadan 869: the death at Fez of Sultan Abd al-Haqq ibn Abi Sa'id, last Marinid king of Fez.
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The Mecca Flood of 865
Safar 865: a great flood at Mecca.
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The Great Mecca Flood of 867
Rabi' II 867: a great flood at Mecca entered the Haram, the water rising near the lock of the Kaaba's door.
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Night Attack at Târgoviște
Draft card for the Night Attack at Târgoviște in 1462, Vlad III's raid on Mehmed the Conqueror's camp in Wallachia; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Ninth Siege of Gibraltar
Draft card for the Ninth Siege of Gibraltar in 1466–67, the Nasrids' failed attempt to recover the Rock; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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The Ottoman annexation of Konya, 880/1475
After being occupied by Bayezid Yildirim, Konya was definitively annexed to the Ottoman state in 880/1475 together with the remainder of the Karamanid state. Ottoman documentary archives show that its waqfs and Seljuk and Karamanid institutions were in general maintained, but within that vast empire the city could no longer be more than a provincial centre.
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The Great Plague of Gaza, Syria and Jerusalem, 864
In 864 a great plague struck Gaza, then Syria and Jerusalem, killing numbers beyond count.
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Khushqadam's death and the succession through Yalbay and Timurbugha to Qaytbay
Khushqadam died Saturday 10 Rabi' I 872 after six and a half years; the amirs seated Yalbay (14th of the Circassian kings) then deposed him after two months minus four days, raised Timurbugha (15th) whose sultanate lasted two months minus one day before exile to Alexandria, and invested al-Ashraf Qaytbay (16th) at midday Monday 6 Dhu'l-Hijja 872.
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Siege of Amasra (1460)
Draft card for Siege of Amasra (1460); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Belgrade
Three years after Constantinople, Mehmed II besieged Belgrade; the fortress held under John Hunyadi and the campaign withdrew.
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Siege of Caffa (1469)
Draft card for Siege of Caffa (1469); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Caffa (1475)
Draft card for the Siege of Caffa in 1475, the Ottoman seizure of the Genoese port that subjected the Crimea; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Gardiki-Arcadia (1460)
Draft card for Siege of Gardiki-Arcadia (1460); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Gerger
Draft card for Siege of Gerger; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Kastritza (1460)
Draft card for Siege of Kastritza (1460); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Krujë
Draft card for the third Siege of Krujë in 1467, Mehmed II's renewed assault on Skanderbeg's fortress; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Mytilene (1464)
Draft card for the Siege of Mytilene in 1464, an action of the Venetian–Ottoman contest for Lesbos; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Negroponte
Mehmed II led army and fleet against Venetian Negroponte and took its famed fortress city after a hard siege.
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Siege of Sebinkarahisar (1473)
Draft card for the Siege of Sebinkarahisar in 1473, an action of Mehmed II's war with Uzun Hasan; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Shahrukhiya (1461)
Draft card for the Siege of Shahrukhiya in 1461, of the Timurid wars of succession; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Shahrukhiya
Draft card for Siege of Shahrukhiya; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Shkodra
Mehmed II sent a great expedition against Shkodra, Albania's stronghold; the first siege was thrown back.
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Siege of Tangier (1463)
Draft card for Siege of Tangier (1463); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Theodoro
Mehmed II sent Gedik Ahmed Pasha with the fleet to Crimea; Theodoro and Kaffa fell and the Crimean khan became an Ottoman vassal.
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Sonni Ali takes Timbuktu
Sonni Ali, king of Songhay, took Timbuktu in 873/1468 — the city passed to the rising Songhay power as Mali declined.