Ghassan

غسان

Ka'b ibn Malik relates that the 'king of Ghassan' wrote him a letter wrapped in a scrap of silk during the boycott of the three, inviting him to join him.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Prophetic Era
Region
Arabia
Review
Draft Completeness 1/5 · Help complete it

Summary

In Ka'b's account, "the king of Ghassan" sent him a letter with a Nabataean of Syria's Nabataeans, inviting him to join him 1.

In this batch

The letter, its text and Ka'b's reply to it are in the event of the letter. 1

Source notes and markers of doubt

  • The text does not name the king and attributes to him only the title "king of Ghassan". The page is about a tribe or kingdom according to the text, not a historical investigation (needs_source).

In the introduction to al-Raheeq al-Makhtum

Al-Raheeq al-Makhtum counts the sons of Jafna, the kings of Syria, among the clans of Kahlan of Qahtan. Jafna ibn Amr went from the Azd to Syria, where he and his sons settled. He is the father of the Ghassanid kings, named after a water in the Hijaz called Ghassan, where they first settled 2 3 4. Sulayman al-Nadwi's preferred view, which the book reports, is that the kings of the house of Ghassan came from the house of Nabit ibn Isma'il, not from Qahtan 5 6.

The house of Ghassan overcame al-Dajaima, and the Romans made them kings over the Arabs of Syria. Their base was Dumat al-Jandal. The Ghassanids remained agents of the Roman kings until the battle of al-Yarmuk in 13 AH. Their last king, Jabala ibn al-Ayham, embraced Islam in the reign of Umar ibn al-Khattab (may God be pleased with him) 7 8 9. The Ghassanids embraced Christianity because of their proximity to the Romans 10. See the Ghassanid kingdom.

Connections

Explore the connections

Has member
al-Harith ibn Abi Shamir al-Ghassani· Jabala ibn al-Ayham
Founded by
al-Azd
Participated in
The letter of the king of Ghassan to Ka'b ibn Malik· The War of al-Harith al-A'raj on Banu Taghlib
Has practice
Christianity in Arabia before Islam

People and things also explored

Banu Taghlib ibn Wa'il· The War of al-Harith al-A'raj on Banu Taghlib· al-Harith ibn Abi Shamir al-Ghassani· Battle of the Yarmuk· Surad ibn Abdullah al-Azdi comes to the Prophet and embraces Islam· The Letters to Rulers and Kings· Surad ibn Abdullah's campaign against Jurash and the conversion of its people· The three who were left behind after Tabuk

Sources

  1. al-Sira al-Nabawiyya — Ibn Hisham, al-Saqqa edition (1355/1936) , 4/179
  2. al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.16
  3. al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.17
  4. Qalb Jazirat al-Arab — Fuʾad Hamza , p.231-235
  5. al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.20
  6. Tarikh Ard al-Quran — Sulayman al-Nadwi , 2/78-86
  7. al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.27
  8. Muhadarat Tarikh al-Umam al-Islamiyya — Muhammad al-Khudari , 1/34
  9. Tarikh Ard al-Quran — Sulayman al-Nadwi , 2/80-82
  10. al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.41
  • Muruj al-Dhahab — al-Masʼudi
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Ghassan”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/group/ghassan/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-22.

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Related

Banu Taghlib ibn Wa'il

Banu Taghlib ibn Wa'il of Rabi'a, many of them Christian in the Jazira; famed for Zur'a ibn al-Nu'man's words to Umar — 'a people of Arabs who would scorn the jizya' — so he compounded with them for double the sadaqa taken of Muslims on land and herds, not foreigners' jizya, on condition they not Christianise their children, a clause over which jurists differed and Ali censured their breach; of them is Malik ibn Tawq, lord of al-Rahba.