The acceptance of the repentance of the three

قبول توبة الثلاثة

October 630 CE · Rajab 9 AH

Medina → Mount Sal'

At dawn on the fiftieth night Ka'b heard a caller on Mount Sal' bringing him good news and fell prostrate. After the dawn prayer the Prophet ﷺ announced God's acceptance of their repentance and people congratulated them; Talha ibn Ubaydullah (may God be pleased with him) rose to Ka'b and congratulated him, and the Prophet told him this was the best day that had come upon him since his mother bore him.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Prophetic Era
Region
Arabia
Review
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In time

620630640
The Prophetic Era · The Rashidun Caliphate

In space

Medina

Map: Natural Earth, public domain · places and route from the graph

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God's repentance upon the three was announced after the dawn prayer of the fiftieth night; bearers of good news hurried to them and Talha ibn Ubaydullah (may God be pleased with him) congratulated Ka'b. Ka'b said he prayed the dawn of fifty nights on the roof of one of their houses in the state God described — the earth straitened on them wide as it was, and his soul straitened on him — then heard a crier's voice cresting Sal' saying at the top of his voice 'Ka'b ibn Malik, good news!', so he fell prostrate, knowing relief had come. The Prophet announced God's repentance upon them at dawn, and the people went spreading the news; a man raced to Ka'b on a horse and a runner of Aslam climbed the mountain — 'the voice was faster than the horse'. When the one whose voice he had heard came with the news, Ka'b took off his two garments and clothed him in them for the tidings — he owned nothing else that day — and borrowed two to wear. He went to the Prophet ﷺ, the people receiving him with good wishes until he entered the mosque; Talha ibn Ubaydullah rose to greet and congratulate him — the only Muhajir to rise — and Ka'b never forgot it to Talha. When he greeted, the Prophet, his face shining with joy, said 'Rejoice at the best day that passed over you since your mother bore you'; Ka'b asked 'From you, Messenger of God, or from God?' — 'Rather from God'. And God revealed two verses Ibn Ishaq names: al-Tawba 117 and al-Tawba 118. Ka'b said God's mention of their 'being deferred' was not for lagging behind the campaign but for God's deferring and postponing their case, unlike those who swore and excused themselves and were accepted.

Summary

God's acceptance of the three was announced after the dawn prayer of the fiftieth night; the bearers of glad tidings ran to them, and Talha ibn Ubaydullah congratulated Ka'b. 1

The fiftieth dawn

Ka'b said: then I prayed the dawn prayer of the fiftieth night on the roof of one of our houses, in the state God mentioned of us — the earth had narrowed for us despite its vastness, and my soul had narrowed for me; I had built a tent on the height of Sal' and used to stay in it. 2 He heard the voice of a crier who had reached the top of Mount Sal' calling at the top of his voice: "Ka'b ibn Malik — rejoice!" He fell prostrate, knowing relief had come. 1

The announcement

The Prophet announced God's acceptance to the people when he prayed the dawn prayer; the people went to give them the tidings, and bearers went toward his two companions. A man spurred a horse toward Ka'b while a runner of Aslam hurried up the mountain — "and the voice was faster than the horse". 1

The tidings and the garments

When the man whose voice he had heard came bearing the tidings, Ka'b took off his two garments and clothed him in them for the glad news — they were all he owned that day — and borrowed two garments to wear. 1

The mosque

Then he set off toward the Prophet, the people meeting him with tidings — "rejoice in God's acceptance of you" — until he entered the mosque where the Prophet sat among the people. Talha ibn Ubaydullah stood to greet and congratulate him; no other man of the Muhajirun stood for him, and Ka'b never forgot it for Talha. 1

The Prophet's words

When he had greeted him the Prophet said, his face gleaming with joy: "rejoice at the best day that has passed over you since your mother bore you." Ka'b said: is it from you, Messenger of God, or from God? He said: from God. When the Prophet rejoiced his face was like a piece of the moon. 1

The verses

God sent down on them two verses Ibn Ishaq records: al-Tawba 117 and al-Tawba 118; his quotation ran to "and be with the truthful" — al-Tawba 119. 3

The meaning of "deferred"

Ka'b said God's mention of their being "deferred" was not for their staying behind from the expedition, but for God's deferring them and postponing their case apart from those who swore to him, excused themselves and were accepted. 3

Source notes and markers of doubt

  • What appears in the verses is referred to by citation number; their wording is not reproduced.
  • The interpretation of "deferred" is Ka'b's in his account (p. 181), not the museum's.
  • The "runner of Aslam" is not named.

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Opinions on the question

The question: How is the acceptance of the repentance of the three who stayed behind understood?

First opinion · Sunni tradition (the museum's frame)Main reference

Ibn Ishaq relates from Ka'b that their repentance was announced after the dawn prayer and that Qur'an was revealed on it, and he recounts Ka'b's interpretation of 'khullifu' as deferral rather than mere absence from the campaign; Sunni exegetes have commentaries on these verses that need review of specific tafsir works (needs_source).
More opinions (1)

Academic viewSecondary opinion

Researchers link the incident to the consolidation of loyalty norms within the Medinan community after Tabuk; the summary needs a specific academic reference (needs_source).

Connections

Explore the connections

Had participant
Hilal ibn Umayya al-Waqifi· Ka'b ibn Malik al-Ansari· Murara ibn al-Rabi al-Amri· Muhammad· Talha ibn Ubaydullah
Occurred at
Medina· Mount Sal'
Part of
The three who were left behind after Tabuk
Mentioned in
Ka'b ibn Malik's account of staying behind at Tabuk
Revealed in
Qur'an 9:117· Qur'an 9:118· Qur'an 9:119

People and things also explored

The fifty-night boycott of the three· The three who were left behind after Tabuk· The order that the three keep apart from their wives· Ka'b ibn Malik's account of staying behind at Tabuk· Ka'b offers his wealth and vows to speak only the truth· Ka'b tells the Prophet the truth· Medina· The expedition to Tabuk

Sources

  1. al-Sira al-Nabawiyya — Ibn Hisham, al-Saqqa edition (1355/1936) , 4/180
  2. al-Sira al-Nabawiyya — Ibn Hisham, al-Saqqa edition (1355/1936) , 4/179-180
  3. al-Sira al-Nabawiyya — Ibn Hisham, al-Saqqa edition (1355/1936) , 4/181
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “The acceptance of the repentance of the three”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/repentance-of-the-three-accepted/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-26.

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The fifty-night boycott of the three

After his return the Prophet forbade the Muslims to speak to Ka'b, Murara and Hilal; people shunned them and their world changed for fifty nights. Two of them kept to their houses, while Ka'b went out to prayer and the markets and no one spoke to him.