al-Hajjaj's Sind Ledger and the Conquests after Dahir

حساب الحجاج في غزو السند وما بعد داهر

al-Kiraj

al-Hajjaj totted it up: sixty million spent on Muhammad ibn al-Qasim against a hundred and twenty million gained — 'we have sated our wrath, taken our revenge, gained sixty million dirhams — and Dahir's head'. Al-Hajjaj died while Muhammad fought on; back at al-Rur he gave stipends, took al-Baylaman's unresisted submission and Sursant's peace — today's Basran resort — then al-Kiraj, where Dahir's son Duhar sallied, fled or fell, and the city came down on terms amid killing and captives: 'we killed Dahir and Duhar, and horse fells knight after knight'.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Umayyad Period
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Overview

Al-Baladhuri relates al-Hajjaj's account of what he spent on Muhammad ibn al-Qasim in Sind and what came back from it, and what followed the killing of Dahir. 1

The account

Al-Hajjaj considered and found that he had spent sixty million, and that what had been brought to him was a hundred and twenty million. He said, as al-Baladhuri relates, that they had cooled their anger, avenged their blood and gained sixty million dirhams and the head of Dahir. 1

After al-Hajjaj's death

When al-Hajjaj died, Muhammad returned from Multan to Rur and gave gifts to the people. He sent an army to Bilaman, whose people submitted without fighting, and the people of Sarsanat made peace with him. 1

Then he came to al-Kiraj, where Duhar came out to fight him, and the enemy was routed. Duhar fled, and it is said he was killed. The people of the city came down under Muhammad's judgement, and he killed and took captives. 1 The place is al-Kiraj. The date needs an additional source.

Connections

Explore the connections

Had participant
Muhammad ibn al-Qasim al-Thaqafi· Duhar ibn Dahir
Occurred at
al-Kiraj

People and things also explored

The Sulh of al-Rur· The Allafis' Coup on the Makran Frontier· The Sulh of al-Birun and Sadusan· The Conquest of Sind· The Battle and Death of Dahir· The Storming of Daybul· The Fitting-out of Muhammad ibn al-Qasim· Muhammad ibn al-Qasim Carried Bound to Death at Wasit

Sources

  1. Futuh al-Buldan — al-Baladhuri (Mu'assasat al-Ma'arif edition)
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “al-Hajjaj's Sind Ledger and the Conquests after Dahir”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/sind-hajjaj-ledger/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-16.

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Related

The Sulh of al-Rur

Months besieged on its hill, al-Rur yielded by sulh — no killing, no laying hands on their budd, 'for the budd is as the churches of Christians and Jews and the fire-houses of Magians' — kharaj laid and a mosque built; then al-Sikka before Bayas fell, a ruin today.