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The Conquest of Sind

فتح السند

89 AH – 96 AH

Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf al-Thaqafi prepared the conquest of the province of Sind once his authority was settled in southern Persia, and entrusted it to his cousin Muhammad ibn al-Qasim al-Thaqafi, who was under twenty years of age, supplying him with six thousand soldiers from Syria. Setting out from the district of Mahran, he besieged al-Daybul after three days of fighting, left a garrison there and built it a mosque, then advanced through al-Bayrun, Rawwad, Brahmanabad, al-Rur and Bahrur, and crossed the Bias river to Multan. The book mentions that al-Hajjaj died while Ibn al-Qasim was still on the campaign, after which Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik removed him from command and imprisoned him until he died 123.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Umayyad Period
Region
South Asia
Review
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Overview

al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf al-Thaqafi prepared the conquest of Sind and assigned it to his cousin Muhammad ibn al-Qasim al-Thaqafi, who was under twenty years of age. He sent him six thousand soldiers from the people of Syria. 4

The campaign

Ibn al-Qasim besieged Dibal after three days of fighting, left a garrison there and built a mosque for it. He then moved on to al-Biruni, Raur, Brahmanabad and al-Rur and Bahrur, and crossed the Bayas river to Multan. 5

The book says that al-Hajjaj died while Ibn al-Qasim was still on the conquest, and then Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik dismissed him and imprisoned him until he died. 6

A note: the book gives the period as 89–96 AH, and in one place writes the year "589", which is probably a printing error. The date needs an additional source.

Connections

Explore the connections

Had participant
كاكة بن جندر· Muhammad ibn al-Qasim al-Thaqafi

People and things also explored

The Sulh of al-Rur· The Allafis' Coup on the Makran Frontier· The Sulh of al-Birun and Sadusan· The Battle and Death of Dahir· The Storming of Daybul· The Fitting-out of Muhammad ibn al-Qasim· Muhammad ibn al-Qasim Carried Bound to Death at Wasit· The Siege of Multan and the House of Gold

Sources

  1. Muhammad Qabbani, The Umayyad State from Birth to Fall (Damascus: Dar Wahy al-Qalam, 2006) , p. 50
  2. Muhammad Qabbani, The Umayyad State from Birth to Fall (Damascus: Dar Wahy al-Qalam, 2006) , p. 51
  3. Muhammad Qabbani, The Umayyad State from Birth to Fall (Damascus: Dar Wahy al-Qalam, 2006) , p. 52
  4. Muhammad Qabbani, The Umayyad State from Birth to Fall (Damascus: Dar Wahy al-Qalam, 2006) , p.50
  5. Muhammad Qabbani, The Umayyad State from Birth to Fall (Damascus: Dar Wahy al-Qalam, 2006) , p.51
  6. Muhammad Qabbani, The Umayyad State from Birth to Fall (Damascus: Dar Wahy al-Qalam, 2006) , p.52
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “The Conquest of Sind”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/conquest-of-sind-89/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-22.

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The Sulh of al-Rur

Months besieged on its hill, al-Rur yielded by sulh — no killing, no laying hands on their budd, 'for the budd is as the churches of Christians and Jews and the fire-houses of Magians' — kharaj laid and a mosque built; then al-Sikka before Bayas fell, a ruin today.