The fall of Qal'at al-Rum, 691

فتح قلعة الروم سنة 691هـ

c. June 1292 CE · Rajab 691 AH

Qal'at al-Rum (Rumkale)

In Rajab 691 Sultan al-Malik al-Ashraf Khalil laid siege to Qal'at al-Rum, next to Qal'at al-Bira; its people were Christians under Tatar authority. He set up catapults and pressed the siege until it was taken after twenty-five days. Al-Shihab Mahmud said in his book al-Fath: 'The Thursday of Islam (khamis al-Islam) fell upon the people of Sunday (ahad) on a Saturday (sabt), and God blessed the community in its Saturday and its Thursday' 1.

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At a glance

Era
The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era
Region
Levant & Iraq
Review
Draft Completeness 2/5 · Help complete it

In time

1280129013001310 c.
The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks · The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era

In space

Qal'at al-Rum (Rumkale)

Map: Natural Earth, public domain · places and route from the graph

Sides

The taking of Qalat al-Rum in 691 AH

In 691 AH Sultan al-Malik al-Ashraf Salah al-Din Khalil besieged Qalat al-Rum, which lies next to the fortress of al-Bira. Its people were Christians under Tatar rule. He set up catapults against it and pressed the siege until it was taken twenty-five days later, in Rajab 1.

Al-Shihab Mahmud wrote a letter announcing the victory in a work he called "al-Fath" (The Conquest). One of his phrases in it says that the Thursday of Islam fell upon the people of Sunday on a Saturday, and God blessed the community in its Saturday and its Thursday 1.

From Ibn al-ʿImad's Shadharat al-Dhahab, the events of 691 AH: a readable text produced by the scanning process named in the Arabic source ("Abel Vigen"), whose passages were checked and whose entries were selected for the museum.

Connections

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Had participant
al-Malik al-Ashraf Salah al-Din Khalil ibn Qalawun
Occurred at
Qal'at al-Rum (Rumkale)

People and things also explored

The killing of al-Malik al-Ashraf Khalil in 693 AH· al-Malik al-Nasir Muhammad ibn Qalawun· السلطان المنصور سيف الدين قلاوون· al-Malik al-Ashraf Salah al-Din Khalil ibn Qalawun· Qal'at al-Rum (Rumkale)

Sources

  1. Shadharat al-Dhahab — Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali , p. 729
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “The fall of Qal'at al-Rum, 691”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/qalat-al-rum-691/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-22.

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Related

The killing of al-Malik al-Ashraf Khalil in 693 AH

In 693 the amir Baydara murdered al-Ashraf Salah al-Din Khalil as he sat alone after the hunt, was enthroned as al-Malik al-Qahir, then the Khasakiyya under Kitbugha routed and killed him and restored al-Nasir Muhammad; the vizier Ibn al-Sal'us was seized and stripped — warned in verse 'beware the bite of al-Shuja'i', he died of it — and when al-Shuja'i besieged Kitbugha in the Citadel the sultan's mamluks killed him and paraded him through the town to public joy.