Mubashara (bodily contact): menses, fasting, retreat, pilgrimage and liability

المُبَاشَرَة

Mubashara, in lexicon, is touching the skin of another, and also sexual intercourse 1. There is no dispute that intercourse with a menstruating woman in the vulva is forbidden; for contact between the navel and the knee the majority forbid it, while the Hanbalis allow all but intercourse 2. A fasting man may touch his wife short of the private parts if he is safe from transgressing and does not break his fast unless he ejaculates; it is forbidden if it stirs desire 3. Intercourse is forbidden to a man in retreat in the mosque, by the verse on retreat, and a pilgrim in ihram is forbidden all kinds of contact with women 3. Harming another by direct contact is among the strongest causes of liability, and where a cause and a direct act meet, the direct act is preferred 3.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Prophetic Era
Region
Global / Diaspora
Review
Draft Completeness 1/5 · Help complete it

Worship and the pillars

Summary

Mubashara, in lexicon, is touching the skin of another, and also sexual intercourse 1. There is no dispute that intercourse with a menstruating woman in the vulva is forbidden; for contact between the navel and the knee the majority forbid it, while the Hanbalis allow all but intercourse 2. A fasting man may touch his wife short of the private parts if he is safe from transgressing and does not break his fast unless he ejaculates; it is forbidden if it stirs desire 3. Intercourse is forbidden to a man in retreat in the mosque, by the verse on retreat, and a pilgrim in ihram is forbidden all kinds of contact with women 3. Harming another by direct contact is among the strongest causes of liability, and where a cause and a direct act meet, the direct act is preferred 3.

People and things also explored

The ruling on one who abandons prayer· Ada' (performance of an obligation within its time)· Adhan (the call to prayer: its ruling, wording, conditions, recommended features and the muezzin)· Bone (adhm): purity, use and retaliation· The adornment of desires and the goods of this world· The people of the bench (ahl al-suffa)· The earth made a place of prayer and purity· Spending in the way of God (infaq)

Sources

  1. al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.13821
  2. al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.13821-13822
  3. al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.13822
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Mubashara (bodily contact): menses, fasting, retreat, pilgrimage and liability”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/concept/mubashara-fiqh/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-23.

Improve this page on GitHub · Report an error · JSON

Wing

Ideas

Beliefs, concepts, sciences and schools, explained in plain words.
Related

The ruling on one who abandons prayer

Al-Sallabi quotes Ali: whoever does not pray is an unbeliever. He then reports from al-Nawawi the dispute over one who neglects prayer while believing it obligatory: the majority (Malik, al-Shafi'i) hold him a sinner to be asked to repent, others hold him an unbeliever, a view ascribed to Ali; Abu Hanifa and the Kufans hold him not an unbeliever but to be disciplined.