al-Mughni 'an Haml al-Asfar fi al-Asfar

By Abd al-Rahim al-Iraqi

المغني عن حمل الأسفار في الأسفار في تخريج ما في الإحياء من الأخبار

Zayn al-Din al-Iraqi's abridged tracing of the hadith of the Ihya': for each report it gives the opening words, the Companion, the source and the grade; he completed the draft in 751 and finished the fair copy of the abridgement on Monday 12 Rabi' al-Awwal 790; it is printed in the margins or beneath the text of the Ihya' 1 2 3.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks
Region
Egypt & Nile

In time

138013901400
The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks · The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era

Scripture and its sciencesLibraries, paper and the book

Summary

Al-Mughni 'an Haml al-Asfar fi al-Asfar fi Takhrij ma fi al-Ihya' min al-Akhbar ("What spares one from carrying tomes on journeys: tracing the reports in the Ihya'") is the work of the hadith master Zayn al-Din Abu al-Fadl Abd al-Rahim ibn al-Husayn al-Iraqi tracing the hadith of al-Ghazali's Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din. It is an abridgement that gives the opening words of each hadith, its Companion, who transmitted it and its grade. 4 2 5 Dar al-Ma'rifa in Beirut prints it "beneath" the Ihya', and in the Shamela file it appears as footnotes under the text. 4 6

How it was written, in al-Iraqi's words

Al-Iraqi says in his introduction that God enabled him to complete his discussion of the hadith of the Ihya' "in the year fifty-one", but he could not locate some of them, so he put off the fair copy until the year sixty, by which time he had found much of what had escaped him; he then began a fair copy as a medium-sized work and was slow to finish it. 1 2 When a group repeatedly asked him to complete it, he abridged it "to the utmost, so that it would be easy to obtain and to carry on journeys", hence its title. 2 5 Hajji Khalifa reports that al-Iraqi composed two works tracing the Ihya's hadith in 751, one of them large. 7

At the end of the Kitab al-Sha'b edition is a closing note in which al-Iraqi says he completed the draft of this work in 751 and completed the fair copy of this abridgement from it on Monday 12 Rabi' al-Awwal 790. 3

Method

Al-Iraqi sets out his method in the introduction: 2 5

  • He limits himself to the opening of the hadith, its Companion, its source, and whether it is sound, good or weakly sourced, which he considers "the greatest aim" for those devoted to the hereafter and for many hadith scholars. 2
  • He points out what has no basis in the standard source books. 2
  • If a hadith is in both Sahihs or one of them, he refers only to that; otherwise to whichever of the remaining Six Books has it; he refers beyond the Six only for a sound reason, such as a book whose author committed to soundness or one closer to the Ihya's wording. 2 5
  • If al-Ghazali repeats a hadith in one chapter he mentions it only the first time; if in another chapter he mentions it and notes that it came earlier, admitting that he may have overlooked this. 5
  • By citing a source he does not mean the exact wording, which may be verbatim, by meaning or with variation "on the rule of the mustakhraj works"; where he did not find a hadith he usually gives something that serves in its place. 5

Examples of his judgements

Al-Iraqi's verdicts appear in the footnotes of the books the museum's entries cover. On one hadith on sincerity he says al-Tirmidhi declared it sound, and of another report that its two transmitters are "both abandoned"; 8 9 of a hadith in the censure of status he says "I did not find it"; 10 and of another, on contentment, that its chain is "very weak". 11 Such footnotes are quoted in the entries on sincerity, the love of status, poverty and contentment with God's decree.

Its place in the debate over the Ihya'

Al-Aydarus, in Ta'rif al-Ahya', relies on al-Iraqi when answering attacks on the Ihya's hadith: among those who answered for al-Ghazali, he says, was the hadith master al-Iraqi, who showed in his tracing that most of what al-Ghazali cites is not fabricated, and that the small remainder al-Ghazali transmitted from others or distanced himself from with the formula "it is related". 12 13

For young visitors

The Ihya' contains many hadith. The hadith scholar al-Iraqi searched for each one: where it was recorded, which Companion reported it, and whether it is sound or weak, and he wrote it all briefly so that it would be easy to carry when travelling.

Notes for researchers

  • Shamela page numbers are pages of the file; the page of the closing note in the Kitab al-Sha'b edition is the scan page (printed about 3024).
  • Al-Iraqi's verdicts are attributed to him; the museum does not grade hadith in its own voice.

Connections

Explore the connections

Commentary on
Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din
Relied on by
Ta'rif al-Ahya' bi-Fada'il al-Ihya'

People and things also explored

The burning of al-Ghazali's books in the Maghrib· Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Hirzihim· Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din· Ta'rif al-Ahya' bi-Fada'il al-Ihya'· Poverty (faqr) in Sufi ethics· Self-delusion (ghurur)· Love of status (hubb al-jah)· Love for God (hubb Allah)

Sources

  1. al-Ghazali, Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din, with al-Iraqi's takhrij (Dar al-Ma'rifa text, Shamela e-book file) , p. 4
  2. al-Ghazali, Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din, with al-Iraqi's takhrij (Dar al-Ma'rifa text, Shamela e-book file) , p. 5
  3. al-Ghazali, Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din, parts 13-16 (Kitab al-Sha'b series, Cairo) , p. 712
  4. al-Ghazali, Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din, vol. 3 (Dar al-Ma'rifa, Beirut 1982) , p. 5
  5. al-Ghazali, Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din, with al-Iraqi's takhrij (Dar al-Ma'rifa text, Shamela e-book file) , p. 6
  6. al-Ghazali, Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din, with al-Iraqi's takhrij (Dar al-Ma'rifa text, Shamela e-book file) , p. 3
  7. Kashf al-Zunun an Asami al-Kutub wa'l-Funun — Hajji Khalifa (Furqan ed.) , p. 221-223
  8. al-Ghazali, Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din, with al-Iraqi's takhrij (Dar al-Ma'rifa text, Shamela e-book file) , p. 8119
  9. al-Ghazali, Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din, with al-Iraqi's takhrij (Dar al-Ma'rifa text, Shamela e-book file) , p. 8120
  10. al-Ghazali, Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din, with al-Iraqi's takhrij (Dar al-Ma'rifa text, Shamela e-book file) , p. 5550
  11. al-Ghazali, Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din, with al-Iraqi's takhrij (Dar al-Ma'rifa text, Shamela e-book file) , p. 7993
  12. al-Ghazali, Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din, parts 13-16 (Kitab al-Sha'b series, Cairo) , p. 787
  13. al-Ghazali, Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din, parts 13-16 (Kitab al-Sha'b series, Cairo) , p. 788
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “al-Mughni 'an Haml al-Asfar fi al-Asfar”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/work/al-mughni-an-haml-al-asfar/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-11-04.

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Wing

Words

Qur'an, hadith, poetry, and the languages and scripts of Muslim peoples.
Related

The burning of al-Ghazali's books in the Maghrib

An account given by al-Aydarus in Ta'rif al-Ahya': when al-Ghazali's works reached the Maghrib, its sultan Ali ibn Yusuf ordered them burned, thinking they contained philosophy, and threatened with death anyone found holding them; al-Aydarus adds that Ibn al-Sam'ani reported a dream interpreted as foretelling this innovation, and that the sultan's fortunes turned afterwards. Hajji Khalifa reports that some Maghribis rejected the Ihya' when it first reached them.