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Ali ibn Muhammad al-Simnani

علي بن محمد السمناني

Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Abu al-Qasim, al-Halabi al-Hanafi al-Simnani, named after Saman, a town in Qumis between Damghan and Khuwar al-Rayy. A Hanafi jurist and historian, he studied law with the chief judge Abu Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Ali al-Damghani and studied theology and legal theory with Abu Ali Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn al-Walid. His works include Rawdat al-qudat wa-tariq al-najat on the duties of judges, and al-Urwa al-wuthqa on contracts and conditions. The book gives his death as 499 AH. 1

Depth

At a glance

Roles
Jurist · Historian
Counted among
Sunni (Hanafi)
Era
The Buyid, Fatimid and Seljuk Era
Region
Levant & Iraq
Review
Draft Completeness 1/5 · Help complete it

Law and courts

Summary

Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Abu al-Qasim, al-Halabi al-Hanafi al-Simnani, named after Saman, a town in Qumis between Damghan and Khuwar al-Rayy. A Hanafi jurist and historian, he studied law with the chief judge Abu Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Ali al-Damghani and studied theology and legal theory with Abu Ali Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn al-Walid. His works include Rawdat al-qudat wa-tariq al-najat on the duties of judges, and al-Urwa al-wuthqa on contracts and conditions. The book gives his death as 499 AH. 1

People and things also explored

Ahliyya (legal capacity: to have rights and duties, and to act; its stages from the womb to full maturity, and what impairs it)· Democracy and the Sharia — compatibility and conflict· Fatwa on the satellite channels — its benefit and harm· Secularism and Islam — conflict or concord· Stoning (rajm) as a penalty for zina· Allusion to a proposal during the waiting period· Aman (safe-conduct granted to enemies in war)· Amana (trust, deposit and what is entrusted)

Sources

  1. al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.6804
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Ali ibn Muhammad al-Simnani”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/person/ali-ibn-muhammad-al-simnani/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-23.

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Wing

People

Prophets, companions, scholars, rulers, scientists, poets, travelers: women and men who shaped the story. Related

Ahliyya (legal capacity: to have rights and duties, and to act; its stages from the womb to full maturity, and what impairs it)

Ahliyya is lexically suitability, and it is of two kinds: capacity to have rights and duties, the capacity of liability; and capacity to act, that is to perform acts recognised by the law. Its bearer passes through the stages of the foetus, childhood, discernment, puberty and maturity. Liability is complete from birth and incomplete for the foetus; the capacity to act is partial at discernment and full with puberty and reason. It is affected by heavenly impediments such as madness, imbecility, sleep, fainting, illness, slavery, menstruation, childbirth and death, and by acquired ones such as ignorance, drunkenness, jest, folly, travel, error and coercion.