The Khazars

According to al-Baladhuri, the Khazars are a people beyond the Caucasus, whose supreme ruler is the Khaqan. ¹

Salman ibn Rabi'a fought them until he was killed at Balanjar. They rose up in the governorship of al-Jarrah, and he crossed the Ras and fought them until he was martyred near Ardabil. ¹ See the death of al-Jarrah and the campaign of Maslama against the Khazars.

When their great ruler heard of the number of those who had entered his lands with Marwan ibn Muhammad, he was filled with terror and sent to invite him to Islam or to war. Marwan said: "I accept Islam." The Khaqan then professed Islam and made peace with him, on condition that he confirm him in his kingdom. He went with him with a group of people, and he settled them between Samur and Shabaran, in the plain of the land of al-Lukiz. ¹ See the expedition of Marwan in the Caucasus.

Yazid ibn Usayd married their king by the command of al-Mansur. The Khaqan's daughter bore him a son, who died, and she died in childbirth. ¹