The Seljuk takeover of Khurasan and the defeat of Mas'ud the Ghaznavid

استيلاء السلاجقة على خراسان وهزيمة مسعود الغزنوي

c. February 1039 CE · Jumada II 430 AH

In Jumada II 430 the Seljuks took Khurasan and Jibal, Mas'ud ibn Mahmud ibn Sebuktigin fled, and they took the inkwell. Tughril Beg Abu Talib Muhammad, his brother Dawud, Bahram? and Nayruz, sons of Mika'il, seized the lands and divided the outlying provinces among themselves. By 432 Mas'ud had gone back to Ghazna and Tughril to Nishapur, and the Ghuzz seized all of Khurasan. Their breaches of awe, their casting off of decorum and their killing of people went beyond all bounds: they targeted many scribes and others, killing some and coming to terms with others 1.

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Era
The Buyid, Fatimid and Seljuk Era
Region
Persia & Central Asia
Review
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In time

103010401050 c.
The Buyid, Fatimid and Seljuk Era

Overview

In Jumada al-Akhira 430 AH the Seljuqs took Khurasan and the Jibal, as the text has it, according to Ibn al-Jawzi, and Mas'ud ibn Mahmud Subuktakin fled. Tughrulbeg, his brother Dawud and others of the sons of Mikail took the lands and divided up their outlying parts. 1

Afterwards

In 432 AH Mas'ud returned to Ghazna, and Tughrulbeg returned to Nishapur. The Ghuzz took all of Khurasan. 1

Ibn al-Jawzi describes what appeared of the Ghuzz as going beyond all limits, and mentions their killing of people and their attacks on many scribes and others. 1

A question mark stands beside one of the names in the quoted text, so it is not asserted; the point needs an additional source.

Connections

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Had participant
طغرل بك· السلطان مسعود بن محمود الغزنوي

People and things also explored

The battle of al-Basasiri and the sermon for the Ubaydi al-Mustansir in Baghdad· Battle of Dandanqan (1040)· Battle of Ray (1059)· Marriage of the caliph's daughter to Tughrul Beg· The return of al-Qa'im from Haditha to Baghdad· The marriage of al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah to Tughril Beg's sister· Restoration of the Sunni Adhan in Karkh and Restrictions on the Shi'a· Tughril Beg's Entry into Baghdad

Sources

  1. al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Muluk wa'l-Umam — Ibn al-Jawzi , j.8 p.400, 413
  • Shadharat al-Dhahab — Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “The Seljuk takeover of Khurasan and the defeat of Mas'ud the Ghaznavid”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/seljuk-takeover-khurasan-430/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-22.

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The battle of al-Basasiri and the sermon for the Ubaydi al-Mustansir in Baghdad

Arslan al-Basasiri grew so mighty he was preached on the minbars and the caliph decided nothing without him; when his ill creed proved out and his plan to sack the palace surfaced, al-Qa'im wrote secretly to Tughrul Beg at Rayy. Tughrul came in 447; al-Basasiri fell back to Rahba, took the Egyptian al-Mustansir's money and the treacherous brother Inal's distraction. In 450 he entered Baghdad under Egyptian banners — the khutba went to al-Mustansir at the Mansur mosque, 'hayya ala khayr al-amal' entered the adhan — and seized the caliph in Dhu'l-Hijja, jailing him at Ana; the caliph's letter to God was hung on the Ka'ba. Tughrul killed Inal, had the caliph returned in honour on 25 Dhu'l-Qa'da 451, and al-Basasiri's head reached Baghdad.