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- The Prophetic Era
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The Prophet led the first Friday prayer with Muslims in the Ranuna valley, gathering people in love, remembrance, and unity.
On his journey from Quba toward central Medina, Friday prayer arrived while the Prophet ﷺ was among the Banu Salim ibn Awf in the Ranuna valley. There he led the first Friday congregational prayer, delivering a moving sermon that encouraged God-consciousness, cooperation, compassion, and sharing food, where the historic Friday Mosque was later built.
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The inaugural Friday congregational prayer (Juma) established by the Prophet ﷺ following his migration to Medina, taking place in the Ranuna valley within the territory of Banu Salim ibn Awf as he traveled from Quba into the city proper. The Prophet delivered the first formal Friday sermon (khutba), emphasizing ethical righteousness, brotherly affection, mutual charity, and wholesome speech. At this sacred location, the historic Friday Mosque (Masjid al-Juma) was constructed, initiating the weekly congregational rite that stands as a pillar of Islamic communal unity and civic life.
Summary
The first Friday prayer the Prophet prayed with the Muslims, on the well-known account: among Banu Salim ibn Awf, in the mosque in the belly of the valley — a hundred men 1.
What happened
On the fifth day after his halting at Quba — a Friday — the Prophet mounted with Abu Bakr riding behind him and sent word to Banu al-Najjar, his maternal kin, who came wearing their swords; he set out toward the city 1.
Friday prayer-time caught up with him among Banu Salim ibn Awf, so he held the congregational prayer with them in the mosque in the belly of the valley — a hundred men 1 2. After the Friday prayer he entered the city, and from that day Yathrib was called the City of the Messenger 1.
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Connections
- Occurred at
- Medina
- Part of
- The Hijra
- Had participant
- Muhammad· Abu Bakr al-Siddiq· Banu Salim ibn Awf
People and things also explored
The Hijra· The journey from the cave of Thawr to Medina and the entry into the city· Bukhari 3905 — The long hijra narrative· Aisha bint Abi Bakr· Umar ibn al-Khattab· Medina· The sojourn at Quba· Abu Bakr leads the prayers during the final illness
Sources
- al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p. 172
- Sahih al-Bukhari
- al-Sira al-Nabawiyya — Ibn Hisham
Cite this page
islam.museum contributors. “The first Friday prayer”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/first-jumma/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-25.