The Akhlat fitna and massacre (604 AH)

فتنة خلاط وقتل أهلها

1207 CE · 604 AH

604: the moment al-Awhad's back was turned, Akhlat's people expelled his garrison and cried a dead Shah-Arman's name; he returned with Jaziran reinforcements, breached the city on the people's own envy of one another, massacred many, and sent the notables to Mayyafariqin to be killed in daily batches — 'the fitiyan, who had made and unmade kings, were scattered and the people spared their evil' 1.

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At a glance

Era
The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks
Region
Anatolia
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In time

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The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks · The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era

Civil wars and revolts

Overview

In 604 AH the people of Akhlat rose against the army of al-Malik al-Awhad Najm al-Din ibn al-Adil. al-Awhad returned, took the city and killed a great many people. 1

The revolt

After al-Awhad had taken Akhlat, he left for Malazkird. Its people rose against the troops left in the city, drove them out and besieged the citadel. They called out the slogan of Shah Armen, though he was dead, meaning to restore rule to his companions and mamluks. 1

al-Awhad returns

al-Awhad came back with an army from al-Jazira and besieged Akhlat until some of its people inclined toward him, out of envy of the others. He took it and killed a great many people there. 1

He captured a group of notables and sent them to Mayyafariqin, and sent for them every day and killed a group of them, so that only a few were spared. 1

Ibn al-Athir's view

Ibn al-Athir says that the people of Akhlat were humbled after this battle. The word of the youths (fityan), who had held the authority, was scattered, and people were spared their harm, for they had come to set up one king and kill another. 1

Notes

The year 604 AH is taken from "al-Kamil"; the date needs an additional source.

People and things also explored

Abu Muslim Enters Marw and His Partisans Fall upon Mudar· Ali declines to keep Muawiya in office· Letters between Ali and Muawiya after the Camel· Ali moves the capital to Kufa· Ali refuses to lead prayer while the caliph is besieged· The breach of the Granada terms and the revolt of the Alpujarras· Amr ibn Ma'dikarib's apostasy after the Prophet's death· Baghdad's quarter-wars of 601 AH

Sources

  1. al-Kamil fi'l-Tarikh of Ibn al-Athir , p. 342-343
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “The Akhlat fitna and massacre (604 AH)”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/akhlat-fitna-604/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-16.

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Abu Muslim Enters Marw and His Partisans Fall upon Mudar

In 130 Abu Muslim entered the wall of Marw and took up residence in the governor's house on Thursday, 9 Jumada I. The cause was that Sulayman ibn Kathir objected to Ali ibn al-Kirmani's reconciliation with Nasr ibn Sayyar: 'Are you not ashamed to make peace with Nasr, when he killed your men and your companions only yesterday?' Ali ibn al-Kirmani was seized by anger, reversed his position, and the truce among the Arabs broke. Nasr ibn Sayyar sent to Abu Muslim asking him to join Mudar, and Rabi'a and Qahtan sent the same request. Abu Muslim ordered that envoys of both sides come before him to choose between them, and told the Shi'a to choose Rabi'a and Qahtan, since authority lay with Mudar, who were Marwan's agents and the killers of Yahya ibn Zayd. When his letter was read to the seventy assembled, Mazid ibn Shaqiq al-Sulami stood and said: 'Mudar are the killers of the Family of the Prophet and helpers of the Umayyads and partisans of Marwan al-Ja'di; our blood is on their necks and our wealth in their hands, and Nasr ibn Sayyar, Marwan's governor in Khurasan, has the khutba given for him from his pulpit and calls him amir al-mu'minin; we are innocent of that before God.' The seventy agreed with him; he rose, and humiliation and dejection came upon Mudar, while Ali ibn al-Kirmani and his companions returned glad and victorious. Abu Muslim had stayed at Alin for twenty-nine days, then moved on to al-Makhwan, stayed three months at Khunda, and then entered the wall of Marw.