Rabd (the outskirts of a city, and a sheep pen): its place in travel-shortening and Friday prayer, and the reviving of land

الربض

Rabd in the lexicon is a sheep pen; the jurists use it for the houses and dwellings around a city, and for the pen. ¹ ² For shortening the prayer on a journey, the outskirts count as the city, and villages joined to them do too, but orchards do not. ³ Friday and Eid prayers are valid in outskirts that belong to the city when the conditions are met, and most jurists hold them invalid in outskirts outside it. ³ ⁴ Outskirts are not dead land and cannot be revived. ⁴ Prayer in sheep pens is allowed when free of impurity, while prayer in camel resting places is disliked. ⁴

Summary

Rabd in the lexicon is a sheep pen; the jurists use it for the houses and dwellings around a city, and for the pen. ¹ ²

Shortening the prayer on a journey

The outskirts count as the city for shortening the prayer on a journey, and so do villages joined to them; orchards do not, even when people of the town live in them. ³

Friday and Eid prayers in the outskirts

Friday and Eid prayers are valid in outskirts that belong to the city when the conditions are met, and most jurists hold them invalid in outskirts outside it. ³ ⁴

Reviving outskirts

Reviving applies only to dead land, and outskirts are not dead land, so they may not be revived. ⁴

Sheep pens

Prayer in sheep pens is allowed by agreement when free of impurity, while prayer in camel resting places is disliked. ⁴

Where to look further

Prayer and reviving dead land are treated in their own entries. ⁴

Sources

al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.8611

al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.8612

al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.8613

al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.8614

Himyan (money belt: pilgrim's wearing, spoils and theft)

Himyan in the lexical sense is a purse in which provision is kept and tied at the waist; it is a loan word, used in the same sense in the law. The Hanafis, Malikis and Shafi'is permit a pilgrim in the state of ihram to tie the himyan at his waist, relying on a report of Ibn Abbas; the Malikis allow it only for the pilgrim's own and his family's provision, not for trade, and only when tied on the skin, not on the waist-wrapper. Abu Yusuf disliked a silk girdle for the pilgrim, and Ibn Umar disliked tying the himyan in the sounder of his two reports. The Hanbalis permit it only when it holds provision. Most jurists count the himyan within the spoils a fighter may take; the Malikis and in one Shafi'i view do not. Most jurists hold that a thief who cuts a himyan and takes its money is liable to amputation; the Hanafis distinguish a purse hanging outside the sleeve, which is not cut for, from one reached through the sleeve.