Raising the foundations of the House: who built the Ka'ba

رفع القواعد من البيت: من بنى الكعبة

Sha'rawi holds that the House existed before Abraham, that God set it apart for circling, retreat and prayer after the flood had erased its landmarks, and that Abraham did not found it but raised its foundations so its place would be known. He reads the Ka'ba as the place that marks the House rather than the House itself, and reports that scholars differ on when the House was built 123.

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At a glance

Era
The Prophetic Era
Region
Arabia
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Sacred space and pilgrimageProphets

Summary

Sha'rawi holds that the House existed before Abraham, that the flood hid its landmarks, and that Abraham raised its foundations so that its place would be known. In his reading the Ka'ba is the place that marks the House, not the House itself. 1 2

What raising implies

Sha'rawi argues that raising presupposes a building with length and breadth, and that Abraham fixed the third dimension, height. He says the House was built before Abraham and was then covered by the flood. 2

Abraham's prayer by the House

He relies on Abraham's leaving Hajar and her child in a valley by the sacred House before the Ka'ba was built, so that the place was known although it bore no sign. 3

The dispute over the date

Sha'rawi reports that scholars differ on when the House was built: some say in Abraham's time, some from Adam, and some before Adam. Their positions are not yet entered from their sources. 2

Limits of this block

This is Sha'rawi's view alone, from these pages. The accounts of exegetes and historians on the first builder and the length of the work, the academic view and other views are not yet entered.

Opinions on the question

The question: Did Abraham build the House from the beginning, or did he raise the foundations of a House that already existed?

First opinion · Sunni tradition (the museum's frame)Main reference

The House existed before Abraham; raising the foundations was making its place visible, not founding it

Sha'rawi holds that the flood hid the landmarks of the House and that God made its place known through Abraham's hand. He cites Abraham's prayer when he left Hajar and her child by the sacred House, and the rise of buildings around the Ka'ba, so that one who prays above it faces the air above and one who prays below faces the place that marks it {cite:tafsir-sharawi-khawatir-scan-pp-501-1000 p.578}{cite:tafsir-sharawi-khawatir-scan-pp-501-1000 p.579}.

Held by: Muhammad Mutawalli al-Sha'rawi

More opinions (1)

Sunni tradition (the museum's frame)Main reference

The exegetes' and historians' accounts of the first builder of the House and the length of its construction are not yet entered from their sources

Sha'rawi reports that scholars differ: some date the building to Abraham's time, some to Adam, and some to before Adam. These positions are not yet entered from their sources, nor the academic view or other views.

Connections

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Based on
Qur'an 2:127

People and things also explored

The Raising of the Kaaba’s Foundations· Ibrahim's journeys to Mecca· The Command to Sacrifice Ismail· Al-Kadhimiya Mosque (Kazimayn shrine)· al-Qullays (the Yemeni Kaaba)· Zamzam Well· Dar al-Nadwa· Dhu al-Khalasa (the 'Ka'ba of Yemen')

Sources

  1. Sha'rawi's Tafsir (al-Khawatir), scanned copy , p.575
  2. Sha'rawi's Tafsir (al-Khawatir), scanned copy , p.578
  3. Sha'rawi's Tafsir (al-Khawatir), scanned copy , p.579
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Raising the foundations of the House: who built the Ka'ba”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/concept/al-qawaid-min-al-bayt/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-23.

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Related

The Raising of the Kaaba’s Foundations

On the third recorded journey, Ibrahim finds Ismail sharpening arrows beneath a tree by Zamzam; together the aged father and the grown son raise the foundations of the House, and Ibrahim calls mankind to the pilgrimage as commanded.