Siege of Granada (1018)

All stops in this story

1. Siege of Granada (1018) — 1018 CE · 409 AH†

   Draft card for the Siege of Granada in 1018, of the Andalusi fitna; its sources are not yet checked on the page.

2. Ibn Jubayr sets out from Granada — 1183 CE · Safar 578 AH

   In Safar 578/1183 Ibn Jubayr left Granada for the hajj, crossing the sea by way of Ceuta and the west .

3. Ibn Jubayr returns to Granada — 1185 CE · 581 AH

   Ibn Jubayr returned to Granada in 581/1185 after two years' travel and wrote his rihla, the Tadhkira .

4. Ibn al-Ahmar takes Granada — c. 1237 CE · 635 AH

   Muhammad b. Yusuf Ibn al-Ahmar took Granada in 635 by its people's collusion after Ibn Hud's death — the seat of the last Muslim dynasty in al-Andalus .

5. Foundations of the Alhambra — c. 1238 CE · 636 AH

   Muhammad ibn al-Ahmar, founder of the Nasrid state, began the Alhambra palace and Granada's citadel about 636/1238 .

6. The great battle of Granada, 663 — c. 1264 CE · 663 AH

   The great Andalus struggle of 663: the Castilian king 'al-Funsh' (Alfonso) met Abu Abdallah Ibn al-Ahmar repeatedly — the Nasrid army routed them, the king was taken then slipped free; when he besieged Granada itself Ibn al-Ahmar came out and broke him, taking ten thousand prisoners while over forty thousand of the Franks fell; a great heap of heads was piled and the adhan sounded over it, and several towns were retaken .

7. The surrender of Granada and the Christian entry into the Alhambra — c. 2 January 1492 CE · 897 AH

   On 2 Rabi I 897 the Christians took the Alhambra: Granada's sultan Abu Abdallah surrendered on sixty-seven conditions — safety of life, family and property, the shari'a kept, mosques and waqfs untouched, free passage to North Africa — then withdrew to the Alpujarras and crossed to Fez; the Christians broke the treaty clause by clause until forced conversion followed in 904 .

8. The breach of the Granada terms and the revolt of the Alpujarras — 1499 CE · 904 AH

   The treaty of Granada broken clause by clause: in 904 the Muslims were forced to convert — first those once Christian were ordered back 'to unbelief by compulsion', then any Muslim was told his grandfather had been Christian; the Albaicin rose and killed the governors, making death-or-conversion the decree. Whole villages refused — Balfig, Andarax and the mountain of Ballanca whose men killed 'the lord of Cordoba' and were let out on aman to Fez — while the outwardly converted prayed in secret and were burned for it .

9. Expulsion of the Moriscos from al-Andalus — c. 1609 CE · c. 1017 AH

   Al-Maqqari records the near-contemporary expulsion of the Moriscos 'in this recent era, in the year 1017': thousands landed at Fez, Tlemcen and Tunis, robbed on the roads by Arabs — the Tunis-bound mostly prospered; those settled at Sale by the Maghreb sultan fortified its castle, built palaces and became famed for jihad at sea — the corsairs of Sale .