Umm Jamil

أم جميل

c. 565 CE

Mecca

Wife of Abu Lahab and sister of Abu Sufyan; remembered in the sources for harassing the Prophet ﷺ — the 'carrier of wood' of Qur'an 111 in the commentators' reading.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Prophetic Era
Region
Arabia
Review
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Life in time

450475500525550575600625650675700 c. c. c. c. c. c.
Pre-Islamic Arabia · The Prophetic Era · The Rashidun Caliphate · The Umayyad Period Contemporaries: Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim · Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib · Abdullah ibn Salam · Abraha · Abu Lahab

In space

Mecca

Map: Natural Earth, public domain · places and route from the graph

WomenAnti-Muslim hatred

Place in the story

  • OpponenttowardMuhammad · c. 613 CETradition

Arabian polytheism (documented)

Roles are dated and sourced; the museum describes the act and attributes the judgement.

Overview

Umm Jamil bint Harb ibn Umayya, sister of Abu Sufyan ibn Harb and wife of Abu Lahab. She was among the people most hostile to the Prophet 1.

Her hostility to the Prophet

She used to carry thorns and place them on the Prophet's path and at his door at night, and she spread her tongue against him with slander and malice, stirring up strife 1. For this the surah of al-Masad names her as a carrier of firewood 1; see the surah of al-Masad.

After she heard what had been revealed about her

When news reached her of what had been revealed about her and her husband, she came to the Prophet while he was sitting in the mosque by the Ka'ba with Abu Bakr, and she had a stone in her hand to throw at him 1. In another report about Abu Bakr, when she found him struck down after the assault of the polytheists of the Banu Taym, she said: "By God, a people who have done this to you are people of wickedness and disbelief" 2.

For young visitors

Umm Jamil was a woman who was angry at the Prophet and stood in his path with thorns. God revealed in the surah of al-Masad about her and her husband.

Notes for researchers

  • The description of the thorns and the stone is taken from al-Raheeq, which relies on the books of the sira. The original text in Ibn Ishaq in the accepted edition should be checked.
  • The citation of Abu Bakr's encounter (p.120) is brief. See Abu Bakr al-Siddiq when the entry on him is completed.

In open preaching (al-Raheeq al-Makhtum, pp.86-87)

She carried thorns and placed them on the Prophet's path and at his door at night, and extended her tongue with abuse and slander, so the Qur'an names her as a carrier of firewood 1. When what had been revealed about her and her husband reached her, she came to the Prophet while he was in the mosque by the Ka'ba with Abu Bakr, with a stone in her hand. God took away her sight from him, so she saw only Abu Bakr. She said that she had composed verse in which she said "We disobeyed Mudhammam", and she went away. Abu Bakr asked the Prophet: "Did she not see you?" He said: "She did not see me; God took away her sight from me" 1 3.

Connections

Explore the connections

Spouse of
Abu Lahab
Born in
Mecca
Sibling of
Abu Sufyan ibn Harb
Member of
Banu Umayya ibn Abd Shams
Mentioned in
Qur'an 111:4
Participated in
The persecution of the vulnerable Muslims

People and things also explored

Mecca· Abu Talib gathers Banu Hashim and Banu al-Muttalib· Quraysh· Abu Lahab· The persecution of the vulnerable Muslims· Abu Sufyan ibn Harb· Sumayya bint Khayyat· Abu Jahl (Amr ibn Hisham)

Sources

  1. al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.86
  2. al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.120
  3. al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.87
  • Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir (Bewley translation, Ta-Ha)
  • Ibn Ishaq / Guillaume, The Life of Muhammad (1955)
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Umm Jamil”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/person/umm-jamil/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-16.

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Wing

People

Prophets, companions, scholars, rulers, scientists, poets, travelers: women and men who shaped the story.
Related

Mecca

City in the Hejaz, birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad and site of the Kaaba and the annual Hajj.