At a glance
- Era
- The Prophetic Era
- Region
- Arabia
- Review
- Draft Completeness 1/5 · Help complete it
Life in time
In space
Map: Natural Earth, public domain · places and route from the graph
Place in the story
- OpponenttowardMuhammad · c. 613 CETradition
Arabian polytheism (documented)
Roles are dated and sourced; the museum describes the act and attributes the judgement.
Overview
Umm Jamil bint Harb ibn Umayya, sister of Abu Sufyan ibn Harb and wife of Abu Lahab. She was among the people most hostile to the Prophet 1.
Her hostility to the Prophet
She used to carry thorns and place them on the Prophet's path and at his door at night, and she spread her tongue against him with slander and malice, stirring up strife 1. For this the surah of al-Masad names her as a carrier of firewood 1; see the surah of al-Masad.
After she heard what had been revealed about her
When news reached her of what had been revealed about her and her husband, she came to the Prophet while he was sitting in the mosque by the Ka'ba with Abu Bakr, and she had a stone in her hand to throw at him 1. In another report about Abu Bakr, when she found him struck down after the assault of the polytheists of the Banu Taym, she said: "By God, a people who have done this to you are people of wickedness and disbelief" 2.
For young visitors
Umm Jamil was a woman who was angry at the Prophet and stood in his path with thorns. God revealed in the surah of al-Masad about her and her husband.
Notes for researchers
- The description of the thorns and the stone is taken from al-Raheeq, which relies on the books of the sira. The original text in Ibn Ishaq in the accepted edition should be checked.
- The citation of Abu Bakr's encounter (p.120) is brief. See Abu Bakr al-Siddiq when the entry on him is completed.
In open preaching (al-Raheeq al-Makhtum, pp.86-87)
She carried thorns and placed them on the Prophet's path and at his door at night, and extended her tongue with abuse and slander, so the Qur'an names her as a carrier of firewood 1. When what had been revealed about her and her husband reached her, she came to the Prophet while he was in the mosque by the Ka'ba with Abu Bakr, with a stone in her hand. God took away her sight from him, so she saw only Abu Bakr. She said that she had composed verse in which she said "We disobeyed Mudhammam", and she went away. Abu Bakr asked the Prophet: "Did she not see you?" He said: "She did not see me; God took away her sight from me" 1 3.
Connections
- Spouse of
- Abu Lahab
- Born in
- Mecca
- Sibling of
- Abu Sufyan ibn Harb
- Member of
- Banu Umayya ibn Abd Shams
- Mentioned in
- Qur'an 111:4
- Participated in
- The persecution of the vulnerable Muslims
People and things also explored
Mecca· Abu Talib gathers Banu Hashim and Banu al-Muttalib· Quraysh· Abu Lahab· The persecution of the vulnerable Muslims· Abu Sufyan ibn Harb· Sumayya bint Khayyat· Abu Jahl (Amr ibn Hisham)
Sources
- al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.86
- al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.120
- al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.87
- Ibn Sa'd, Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir (Bewley translation, Ta-Ha)
- Ibn Ishaq / Guillaume, The Life of Muhammad (1955)
Cite this page
islam.museum contributors. “Umm Jamil”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/person/umm-jamil/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-16.