al-Khuyi, qadi al-qudat of al-Sham

الخوئي قاضي القضاة

1187 CE · Shawwal 583 AH – 1240 CE · Sha'ban 637 AH

Damascus

Qadi al-qudat al-Khuyi (b. 583, d. Sha'ban 637, buried below Qasyun) — al-Razi's usul pupil and al-Rafi'i's fiqh pupil, master of kalam, medicine and hikma; the Sham's chief judge 1.

Depth

At a glance

Roles
Scholar · Jurist
Era
The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks
Region
Persia & Central Asia · Levant & Iraq
Review
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Life in time

1125115011751200122512501275 c. c. c.
The Buyid, Fatimid and Seljuk Era · The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks · The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era Contemporaries: Abu al-Abbas al-Qurti · Abu al-Hajjaj al-Biyasi · Abu Ali al-Shalubin · Ahmad ibn Yusuf al-Tifashi · Ajiba bint al-Baqdari

In space

Damascus

Map: Natural Earth, public domain · places and route from the graph

Place in the story

    sunni-shafii (transmitted)

    Roles are dated and sourced; the museum describes the act and attributes the judgement.

    Overview

    Chief qadi Shams al-Din al-Khuyi the Shafi'i — of Khuy, a town in Azerbaijan; he entered Khurasan, read usul under al-Qutb al-Misri, pupil of the imam Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, fiqh under al-Rafi'i and the science of dialectic under 'Ala' al-Din al-Tusi, and held the chief judgeship of Syria. 1

    His works and praise

    His books include one on usul, one of philosophical symbols, one on grammar and one on prosody; al-Dhahabi called him "a jurist, imam, debater, expert in kalam, a master in medicine and wisdom, devout, much praying and fasting." 1

    Connections

    Explore the connections

    Died in
    Damascus
    Studied under
    Imam al-Rafi'i Abd al-Karim al-Qazwini

    People and things also explored

    the Cave of Qasyun (Jibril's Cave)· Qasr Hiraql / Qasr Shams al-Muluk· The Umayyad Mosque of Damascus· The Fitna of the Hafiz Abd al-Ghani in Damascus in 595· al-Afdal besieges Damascus and turns back· al-Adil's seizure of Damascus· al-Ghazali's arrival in Damascus as an ascetic, in 488· al-Ashraf takes Damascus

    Sources

    1. Shadharat al-Dhahab — Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali , p. 183
    Cite this page

    islam.museum contributors. “al-Khuyi, qadi al-qudat of al-Sham”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/person/al-khuyi-ahmad/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-21.

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    People

    Prophets, companions, scholars, rulers, scientists, poets, travelers: women and men who shaped the story.
    Related

    the Cave of Qasyun (Jibril's Cave)

    The mosque raised inside the cave of Mount Qasyun by Abu al-Faraj Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn al-Mu'allim beginning in 370, after a dream in which Jibril bade him build a mosque where God's name would be remembered — he called it Jibril's Cave; a broad prayer-hall floored in white marble, its columns all marble, never empty of the pious at remembrance.