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Al-Ardabili, Faraj ibn Muhammad

الأردبيلي فرج بن محمد

1348 CE · 749 AH

A Shafi'i jurist who combined transmitted and rational sciences. Named after Ardabil; died in 749 AH.

Depth

At a glance

Roles
Jurist · Scholar
Counted among
Sunni
Era
The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era
Region
Persia & Central Asia
Review
Draft Completeness 1/5 · Help complete it

Life in time

1300132513501375140014251450 c. c. c.
The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks · The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era Contemporaries: Abd Allah ibn Miqdad al-Aqfahsi · Abu al-Khayr al-'Ala'i al-Muqaddisi · Abu Bakr ibn Faris · Abu Tahir al-Khujandi of Medina · Ahmadi Taj al-Din Ibrahim ibn Khidr

Development of law, theology and institutions

Place in the story

  • JuristTradition

Roles are dated and sourced; the museum describes the act and attributes the judgement.

Overview

Faraj ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Abi al-Faraj al-Ardabili, a Shafi'i jurist, whom the source describes as combining transmitted and rational knowledge. He is attributed to Ardabil, and died in 749 AH (1348 CE). The date rests on one source and needs an additional source. 1

People and things also explored

Biting and the liability for injury it causes (add)· Justice and uprightness (adl)· Contagion (adwa)· Pardon (afw) in purity, worship, contracts and penalties· Covenant (ahd) and the duty to keep it; oath by the covenant of God· Term, deadline (ajal)· Hired worker (ajir)· Stranger, outsider (ajnabi)

Sources

  1. Mawsu'at A'lam al-Ulama' wa-l-Adaba' al-Arab wa-l-Muslimin — Dar al-Jil / ALECSO
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Al-Ardabili, Faraj ibn Muhammad”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/person/al-ardabili-faraj-ibn-muhammad/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-16.

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Wing

People

Prophets, companions, scholars, rulers, scientists, poets, travelers: women and men who shaped the story. Related

Biting and the liability for injury it causes (add)

In the lexicon, add is gripping a thing with the teeth and holding it. If a person bites another without right and a wound results, the biter must pay the damages for the wound, assessed as a just award by experts. If one man bites another's hand and the bitten man pulls it free so that the biter's front teeth fall out, most jurists hold that there is no liability, relying on a prophetic judgement in such a case; the Shafi'is limit this to a bitten man who chose the easiest means of release, and the preferred Maliki view requires compensation.