al-Rashid ibn al-Ma'mun al-Muwahhidi
Abd al-Wahid ibn al-Ma'mun, titled al-Rashid; acclaimed after his father's death in 630 AH, he defeated Yahya ibn al-Nasir and entered Marrakesh, restoring at the Almohad shaykhs' condition the Mahdi rites his father had erased, and contrived the killing of the Arab commander Mas'ud ibn Humaydan, ruling until his death in 640 AH.
Reign · Almohad Caliphate · no. 10 in the chain · 1232–1242 CE
Ruled the caliphate
Events of the reign
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Al-Qurtubi leaves al-Andalus for the East
Al-Maqqari places Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Qurtubi in the chapter 'Andalusis who travelled to the lands of the East': he left Cordoba as an emigrant and settled in Egypt. The Encyclopaedia of Islam says he 'made his way to the Orient and settled at Munyat Abi l-Khusayb in Upper Egypt'.
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Foundations of the Alhambra
Muhammad ibn al-Ahmar, founder of the Nasrid state, began the Alhambra palace and Granada's citadel about 636/1238.
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Attack on Albalat (1233)
Draft card for Attack on Albalat (1233); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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The battle of Anija and the killing of Ibn al-Kila'i
The battle of Anija, Thursday end of Dhu'l-Hijja 634, where the hafiz Abu'l-Rabi al-Kila'i was killed still urging the routed 'are you fleeing Paradise?' — mourned by his pupil Ibn al-Abbar in the famous mimiya.
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The battle of Anisha
The battle of Anisha (Thursday, 10 Dhu al-Hijja 634) in which the hafiz Abu'l-Rabi al-Kila'i was killed — advancing ahead of the ranks, calling to the fleeing 'do you flee Paradise?' until he fell; his pupil Ibn al-Abbar mourned him in the famous mimiyya elegy.
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Battle of the Puig
Draft card for the Battle of the Puig in 1237, James I's victory over the Muslim army of Valencia; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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The enemy's capture of Cordoba
The Castilian capture of Cordoba on Sunday 23 Shawwal 636, within the reconquest register that took Zaragoza in 512, Murcia by treaty 643 and Seville 646.
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The fall of Valencia to the enemy
Valencia fell by treaty on 17 Safar 636 after Ibn al-Abbar's plea-qasida to the Hafsid sultan moved him to ship money and supplies; its people surrendered on terms preserving their persons in 637.
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Ibn al-Abbar's embassy to the sultan of Ifriqiya for beleaguered Valencia, 635/1238
When James I of Aragon besieged Valencia in Ramadan 635 (April–May 1238), Ibn al-Abbar was sent with a deputation to the Hafsid sovereign Abu Zakariyya' of Tunis to beg assistance; he recited before him his qasida rhyming in sin on 4 Muharram (17 August 1238 as printed), painting a moving picture of his besieged native city. The sultan hastened to aid its people, loading fleets with money, provisions and clothing.
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Ibn al-Abbar acts as secretary to the Mu'minid governors of Valencia, ~630/1233
After several journeys in the Peninsula fi talab al-'ilm, Ibn al-Abbar acted as secretary to the Mu'minid (Ibn Mardanish's) governors of Valencia in the last years of local Quda'i rule, before their government fell with the city in 636/1238.
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Ibn al-Abbar leaves fallen Valencia and settles at Tunis as head of the chancellery, 636/1238
Ibn al-Abbar returned to Valencia but left it a few days after it was captured by James I on 17 Safar 636 (28 September 1238); he stopped at Bougie before going on to Tunis, where Abu Zakariyya' received him favourably and appointed him chief of his chancellery.
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Ibn al-Ahmar takes Granada
Muhammad b. Yusuf Ibn al-Ahmar took Granada in 635 by its people's collusion after Ibn Hud's death — the seat of the last Muslim dynasty in al-Andalus.
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Siege of Almenara (1238)
Draft card for Siege of Almenara (1238); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Burriana
Draft card for the Siege of Burriana in 1233, James I of Aragon's capture of the Muslim stronghold; its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Morella (1232)
Draft card for Siege of Morella (1232); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Xàtiva (1239)
Draft card for Siege of Xàtiva (1239); its sources are not yet checked on the page.
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Siege of Xàtiva (1240)
Draft card for Siege of Xàtiva (1240); its sources are not yet checked on the page.