The Flooding of Baghdad as the Tigris Rises Twenty-One Cubits

غرق بغداد وفيضان دجلة إحدى وعشرين ذراعاً

c. February 1011 CE · Rajab 401 AH

Baghdad

In Rajab 401 the Tigris rose, and the rise continued until Ramadan, reaching twenty-one cubits. Water entered most of the riverside houses and reached Qati'at al-Daqiq, Bab al-Tibn, Bab al-Sha'ir and Bab al-Taq; at Qati'at al-Daqiq it overflowed onto the Mosque of al-Kaff, wrecking it and carrying away its upper parts and roofs. Breaches burst open in the banks, and villages and fortresses were drowned. 1

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Buyid, Fatimid and Seljuk Era
Region
Levant & Iraq
Review
Draft Completeness 3/5 · Help complete it

In time

100010101020 c.
The Buyid, Fatimid and Seljuk Era

In space

Baghdad

Map: Natural Earth, public domain · places and route from the graph

Summary

In Rajab of year 401 the Tigris rose, and the rise stretched into Ramadan until it reached twenty-one cubits; water entered most riverside houses and the quarters of Qati'at al-Daqiq, Bab al-Tibn, Bab al-Sha'ir and Bab al-Taq 2.

What the flood did

The water overflowed onto the Mosque of al-Kaff at Qati'at al-Daqiq and wrecked it, carrying away its piers and roofs; the banks burst and villages and fortresses drowned 3.

For young visitors

In year 401 the Tigris flooded over Baghdad, filling whole riverside districts and drowning a mosque, forts and villages — only one year after the river had run too low for boats.

Research notes

  • Source read: Ibn al-Jawzi, al-Muntazam, harvested scan (muntazam/AAlexandrina-224011), pp.251-252, events of year 401.
  • Al-buthuq are breaches in the embankments; the scan reads "the buthuq burst."

Connections

Explore the connections

Located in
Baghdad

People and things also explored

The Nizamiyya Madrasa of Baghdad· Bayt al-Hikma — the House of Wisdom· The 'Adudi Bimaristan· al-Bimaristan al-Muqtadiri· Bimaristan al-Sayyida· Dar al-'Ilm of Baghdad (Sabur's library)· The Jami' al-Qati'a of Baghdad· The mosque of Qati'at Umm Ja'far

Sources

  1. al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Muluk wa'l-Umam — Ibn al-Jawzi , j.7 p.251-252
  2. al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Muluk wa'l-Umam — Ibn al-Jawzi , p.251
  3. al-Muntazam fi Tarikh al-Muluk wa'l-Umam — Ibn al-Jawzi , p.252
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “The Flooding of Baghdad as the Tigris Rises Twenty-One Cubits”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/tigris-flood-401/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-23.

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Related

The Nizamiyya Madrasa of Baghdad

The Nizamiyya of Baghdad, first and most famous of the madrasas founded by the vizier Nizam al-Mulk al-Tusi: building began in 457 and sisters rose at Nishapur, Isfahan, Herat, Basra, Mosul and Amid; the Imam al-Haramayn al-Juwayni then Abu Ishaq al-Shirazi taught in it, and it mothered the Sunni institutional model that the later madrasas of Baghdad followed — the caliphs prayed there and Nizam al-Mulk himself visited to inspect its library.