Conquest of Qazwin

فتح قزوين

When al-Mughira governed Kufa he made al-Bara' ibn Azib governor of Qazwin, ordering him to take it then raid Daylam from it; he marched with Hanzala ibn Zayd, reduced Abhar on Nihawand's terms, then moved on Qazwin's fortress — its people had begged Daylam's aid but the Daylamis stood on the mountain withholding a hand, so they sought terms, scorned the jizya and professed Islam — said to have come down on the asawira-of-Basra terms, settling in Kufa allied to Zuhra ibn Hawiyya as 'Hura' al-Daylam', though others say they Islamized in place on ushr land; al-Bara' posted five hundred Muslims with them under Tulayha ibn Khuwaylid and granted them unclaimed lands, then raided Daylam to tribute, Jilan, al-Babar and al-Taylasan, and took Zanjan by force; the fortress, 'Kashwin' in Persian — the watched bound — had been ribat-manned by Persian asawira who fended Daylam.

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Era: The Rashidun Caliphate
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Overview

al-Baladhuri relates that when al-Mughira ibn Shu'ba became governor of Kufa, he appointed al-Bara' ibn Azib over Qazwin, and ordered him, if God granted its conquest at his hand, to raid the Daylam from it. He set out with Hanzala ibn Zayd al-Khayl until he came to Abhar. They fought him, then asked for safe-conduct and he granted it. ¹

The fort of Qazwin

al-Bara' raided Qazwin. Its people sought help from the Daylam, but the Daylam stood on the mountain and did not stretch out a hand. They asked for peace, disdained the jizya, and showed Islam. There are two accounts of their affair: they settled in Kufa and allied themselves with Zuhra ibn Hawiya, or they became Muslims and stayed in place, and their land became tithed land. al-Bara' posted five hundred Muslim men among them, among them Tulayha ibn Khuwaylid. ¹

Then he raided the Daylam until they paid the tribute, and he took Zanjan by force.

Connections

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Had participant: al-Rabi' ibn Khuthaym al-Thawri· Murrah al-Hamadhani· al-Bara' ibn Azib· Hanzala ibn Zayd· Tulayha ibn Khuwaylid
Occurred at: Qazwin

People and things also explored

ʿAli's dispatch of his own governors to the garrison towns (36 AH)· Aytaqmish ravages the Ismailis near Qazvin· The Battle of Buzakha· The Battle of Uhud· Conquest of Qazvin and Zanjan (22 AH)· The Conquest of Rayy and Qumis· Conquest of Tustar and the capture of al-Hurmuzan· Founding of Madinat Musa at Qazwin

Sources

Futuh al-Buldan — al-Baladhuri (Mu'assasat al-Ma'arif edition)

Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Conquest of Qazwin”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/conquest-of-qazwin/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-16.

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ʿAli's dispatch of his own governors to the garrison towns (36 AH)

ʿAli replaced ʿUthmān's governors at the outset of his caliphate: ʿUthmān ibn Ḥunayf took Basra unopposed; Sahl ibn Ḥunayf was turned back at Tabūk — «if ʿUthmān sent you, welcome; if another sent you, go back«; ʿUmāra ibn Shihāb was turned back at Zubāla by Ṭulayḥa ibn Khuwaylid on pain of death; and Qays ibn Saʿd passed the patrol at Ayla by claiming to be an avenger of ʿUthmān, then entered Egypt where its people split into three camps.