Islam Museum Islam Museum islam.museum
Search ⌕ ARENUR
Accessibility
Text size 100%

Saved on this device only — nothing is sent anywhere.

The generality of the implied (umum al-muqtada) in the usage of texts

عُمُوم المُقْتَضَى

'Umum al-muqtada is the implied meaning that the truth or soundness of a speech requires, though it is not stated in the words; it must be supplied for the speech to be sound, and the text is applied only after it is supplied 1. The Hanafis hold that an implied meaning has no generality, since generality belongs to words and the implied is not a word; the Shafi'is hold that it has generality and particularity 2. On this the usulis built the rule of the report that God has removed error, forgetting and compulsion: the ruling removed is general, in the hereafter and in the sharia's legal ruling, so the compelled, the mistaken and the forgetful bear no legal liability; some Hanafis hold that the removal applies only in the hereafter 2 3. It differs from 'umum al-majaz, which concerns the scope of the word, while 'umum al-muqtada concerns the supplied ruling 2.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Prophetic Era
Region
Global / Diaspora
Review
Draft Completeness 1/5 · Help complete it

Development of law, theology and institutions

Summary

'Umum al-muqtada is the implied meaning that the truth or soundness of a speech requires, though it is not stated in the words; it must be supplied for the speech to be sound, and the text is applied only after it is supplied 1. The Hanafis hold that an implied meaning has no generality, since generality belongs to words and the implied is not a word; the Shafi'is hold that it has generality and particularity 2. On this the usulis built the rule of the report that God has removed error, forgetting and compulsion: the ruling removed is general, in the hereafter and in the sharia's legal ruling, so the compelled, the mistaken and the forgetful bear no legal liability; some Hanafis hold that the removal applies only in the hereafter 2 3. It differs from 'umum al-majaz, which concerns the scope of the word, while 'umum al-muqtada concerns the supplied ruling 2.

People and things also explored

Biting and the liability for injury it causes (add)· Justice and uprightness (adl)· Contagion (adwa)· Pardon (afw) in purity, worship, contracts and penalties· Covenant (ahd) and the duty to keep it; oath by the covenant of God· Term, deadline (ajal)· Hired worker (ajir)· Stranger, outsider (ajnabi)

Sources

  1. al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.11880
  2. al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.11881
  3. al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.11882
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “The generality of the implied (umum al-muqtada) in the usage of texts”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/concept/umum-al-muqtada/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-23.

Improve this page on GitHub · Report an error · JSON

Wing

Ideas

Beliefs, concepts, sciences and schools, explained in plain words. Related

Biting and the liability for injury it causes (add)

In the lexicon, add is gripping a thing with the teeth and holding it. If a person bites another without right and a wound results, the biter must pay the damages for the wound, assessed as a just award by experts. If one man bites another's hand and the bitten man pulls it free so that the biter's front teeth fall out, most jurists hold that there is no liability, relying on a prophetic judgement in such a case; the Shafi'is limit this to a bitten man who chose the easiest means of release, and the preferred Maliki view requires compensation.