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Astronomy and timekeepingPhilosophy and logic
Overview
According to al-Masudi, the astronomers spoke about the end of the world, its decline, and its return anew. They said that the sultan of this time belongs to Virgo (al-sunbula), which lasts seven thousand years, the age of this human world, and that Jupiter helped it in its governance. 2
The cycle of the world
Their account of the end of the world is that the governing planet completes its full distance by its powers many times, and when it completes it, annihilation and decay fall. When the planets complete their courses and revolutions, the governance returns to the first of them, and the persons and forms of every world return with the gathering of the matter, and thus the affair of the world proceeds forever. 2
They claimed that the sultanate of Aries lasts twelve thousand years, and the sultanate of Taurus eleven thousand years. 2
People and things also explored
Al-Abhari, Athir al-Din al-Mufaddal ibn Umar· Najm al-Din al-Katibi al-Qazwini· Umar Khayyam· Sharaf al-Dawla's observatory at Baghdad· Qibla-finding by stars, winds, mountains and rivers· Sizes of the heavenly bodies· Distances of the heavenly bodies from the Earth· The seven climates
Sources
- Muruj al-Dhahab — al-Masʼudi , p. 522
- Muruj al-Dhahab — al-Masʼudi , p.522
Cite this page
islam.museum contributors. “The planets' reign and the world's cycles”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/concept/saltanat-al-kawakib/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-16.