Islam Museum Islam Museum islam.museum
Search ⌕ ARENUR
Accessibility
Text size 100%

Saved on this device only — nothing is sent anywhere.

Inizal (the ceasing of an office when its holder loses qualification)

الانعزال

Inizal is the passive form of the verb for dismissal (azl), which is separating one thing from another; in fiqh it is the loss by a holder of authority of his right to act. It may come through dismissal or by operation of law, as with the apostate or the insane. 1 The principle is that one who takes an office by a fixed competence or specific conditions, and then loses that competence or an essential condition, is dismissed by law without need of a decision. 1 This differs from the entitlement to dismissal (istihqaq al-azl), which arises when the holder commits what requires his removal, such as a judge who is corrupt, rules by whim or takes bribes. 1

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Prophetic Era
Region
Global / Diaspora
Review
Draft Completeness 1/5 · Help complete it

Politics, governance and authority

Definition

Inizal is the passive of 'azl, dismissal, which is separating one thing from another. In fiqh it is the loss by a holder of authority of his right to act. It may come through dismissal or by operation of law, as with the apostate or the insane. 1

Principle

One who takes an office with a fixed competence or specific conditions, and then loses that competence or an essential condition, is dismissed by law without need of a decision. This applies in general and is worked out in the imamate, judgeship, endowments and guardianship over orphans. 1

Ceasing and entitlement to dismissal

  • Inizal needs no dismissal, and none of the acts of the one who has ceased to hold office take effect. 1
  • Entitlement to dismissal (istihqaq al-azl) arises when the holder commits what calls for his removal, such as a judge who is corrupt, rules by whim or takes bribes. 1

People and things also explored

Ahl al-Diwan (those paid from the state register of soldiers and officers, and the rules of their conditions and distribution)· Ahl al-Hall wa al-Aqd (those who loose and bind: the men of power whose choice confirms the imam)· Ahl al-Mahalla (the people of a quarter, their imam, call to prayer, and their part in the oath and blood money where a body is found)· Islamic management· Experience versus service, and self-development· The nominal group technique· Leadership and the leader's six roles· Situational leadership

Sources

  1. al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.3509
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Inizal (the ceasing of an office when its holder loses qualification)”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/concept/inizal/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-23.

Improve this page on GitHub · Report an error · JSON

Wing

Ideas

Beliefs, concepts, sciences and schools, explained in plain words. Related

Ahl al-Diwan (those paid from the state register of soldiers and officers, and the rules of their conditions and distribution)

Diwan is a Persian loan-word meaning a collection of sheets and writings, in which the army and those given grants were written; for the jurists it is the register in which the names of those in state service who receive a stipend from the public treasury are recorded, and the office that keeps it. Umar ibn al-Khattab was the first to set up the diwan, according to two accounts. The people of the diwan are of several kinds: soldiers, on conditions that are regulatory, such as puberty, freedom, Islam, health and fitness for fighting; holders of office, such as governors, judges, scholars, collectors, imams and muezzins; and the needy. The Companions differed on preference in distribution: Abu Bakr and Ali made it equal, while Umar and Uthman preferred by precedence in Islam, and Umar added kinship to the Prophet; Abu Hanifa and Ahmad followed the latter view.