Sibawayh's Kitab

كتاب سيبويه

Sibawayh's grammar book — no precedent before and no peer after; 42 men aided its making per Tha'lab 1.

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Summary

Kitab Sibawayh, Sibawayh's book on grammar. Ibn al-Nadim said that no one before him had produced its like, and no one after him caught up with it 2.

The making of the book

Ibn al-Nadim read, in the hand of Abu al-Abbas Tha'lab, that forty-two people took part in producing the book, among them Sibawayh, and that among its sources were "al-Usul" and "al-Masa'il" by al-Khalil 2.

Its standing among grammarians

When someone wished to read the book with al-Mubarrad, he would ask: "Have you sailed the sea?", as a mark of its greatness. Al-Mazini used to say: whoever wants to write a major grammar book after Sibawayh's should be ashamed 2.

Zain edition (2015)

Dr Muhammad Kadhim al-Bakka re-ordered the book into a "systematic classification" in which the chapters are gathered into sections and parts. His introduction sets out the classification and its principles. His edition begins with the editor's introduction, then with the first chapters of the book, on "the word and speech" (al-kalim wa-l-kalam) 3 4.

Connections

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Authored by
Sibawayh
Has commentary
Sirafi's commentary on Sibawayh's Kitab
Has part
Kalim and kalam (word classes and utterance)

People and things also explored

The Basran and Kufan schools of grammar· Abu Sa'id al-Sirafi· Kalim and kalam (word classes and utterance)· Sibawayh· Sirafi's commentary on Sibawayh's Kitab

Sources

  1. al-Fihrist of Ibn al-Nadim , p. 142-143
  2. al-Fihrist of Ibn al-Nadim , p.142-143
  3. Sibawayh's Kitab, methodical arrangement and edition (Zein, 2015) , p.9-10
  4. Sibawayh's Kitab, methodical arrangement and edition (Zein, 2015) , p.25
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Sibawayh's Kitab”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/work/kitab-sibawayh/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-22.

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Related

The Basran and Kufan schools of grammar

The quarrel began quietly between al-Ru'asi at Kufa and al-Khalil at Basra, then flared between al-Kisa'i at Kufa and Sibawayh at Basra, each school gaining a standard the partisans rallied to — scholarly asabiyya founded, it seems, on the two towns' political rivalry. The core difference: the Basrans held that general rules must be laid for the language and kept with rigour — an attested anomaly was 'kept, not analogised', and they dared fault even al-Farazdaq's speech when it broke the rule — prizing qiyas and its sovereignty; the Kufans honoured everything transmitted from the Arabs and licensed its use even against the rules, making the anomaly itself the basis of new rules — whence al-Suyuti's charge that al-Kisa'i 'heard what is only permissible from necessity and made it a principle and analogised on it, corrupting grammar', and the Andalusi's jibe that a Kufan who heard one verse licensing what breaks the norms would make it a principle and build a chapter on it.