Arba'un 1 — Actions are but by intentions

الأربعون 1 — إنما الأعمال بالنيات

Umar ibn al-Khattab (may God be pleased with him)'s hadith on intention, the first hadith of al-Nawawi's Forty and of Ibn Rajab's commentary; transmitted by al-Bukhari (1, 54, 2529, 3898, 5070, 6689, 6953) and Muslim (1907) through Yahya ibn Sa'id al-Ansari from Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Taymi from Alqama ibn Waqqas al-Laythi from Umar — the only sound chain according to the hadith scholars as al-Khattabi reports — with over two hundred narrators from Yahya ibn Sa'id; al-Bukhari opened his Sahih with it, and Ibn Rajab comments on intention, sincerity and the rulings of emigration (Jami' al-Ulum wal-Hikam pp. 29–69).

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«إنما الأعمال بالنيات، وإنما لكل امرئ ما نوى، فمن كانت هجرته إلى الله ورسوله فهجرته إلى الله ورسوله، ومن كانت هجرته لدنيا يصيبها أو امرأة ينكحها فهجرته إلى ما هاجر إليه»

A verbatim excerpt of the text, forty words at most; the full text is in the edition cited under sources

Summary

Hadith of Umar ibn al-Khattab on intention, the first hadith in the Forty Hadith of al-Nawawi and in Ibn Rajab's commentary. Al-Bukhari and Muslim narrate it through Yahya ibn Sa'id al-Ansari. Ibn Rajab explains it in the sections on intention, sincerity and the rules of emigration. 1

Place in the museum

Source: the Forty Hadith of al-Nawawi. Mentions Umar ibn al-Khattab. Built on in the chapters on intention in actions.

Connections

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Basis for
Niyya (intention in deeds)
Mentions
Umar ibn al-Khattab

People and things also explored

The seven ahruf· Resolve for an act (hamm)· Charity (sadaqa)· Abu al-Mukhtar's Satire on the Ahwaz Officials· Abu Bakr leads the prayers during the final illness· The conversion of Abu Sufyan ibn Harb· Abu Sufyan's mission to Medina· Abu Ubayd's Dispatch to Iraq

Sources

  1. Jami' al-Ulum wal-Hikam — Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Arba'un 1 — Actions are but by intentions”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/passage/arbaun-01/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-16.

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Related

The seven ahruf

The Prophet's saying 'the Qur'an was revealed in seven ahruf, so read of it what is easy' — narrated through Umar's dispute with Hisham ibn Hakim over Surat al-Furqan; its exact meaning is one of the widest debates in Qur'anic sciences.