The Franks take Acre and kill the captives

ملك الفرنج عكا وقتل الأسرى

c. 12 July 1191 CE · 17 Jumada II 587 AH

Acre

On Friday, 17 Jumada II 587, the Franks took Acre after a long siege. Among the things that most weakened its defenders was that Amir Sayf al-Din Ali ibn Ahmad al-Hakkari, known as al-Mashtub, went out to King Afrinsis offering to hand over the city in exchange for freeing those inside; the king did not answer him, and the people lost heart. Two amirs from within used the night as a mount, secretly took to the sea by boat, and reached the Muslim army, so the city's people were certain of ruin. Al-Mashtub agreed with the Franks to surrender the city for two hundred thousand dinars, five hundred named captives, the return of the Cross of the Crucifixion, and fourteen thousand dinars for the Marquis, lord of Tyre, with two months allowed to collect it. Once they had taken the city, the Franks betrayed those inside and imprisoned them. Saladin gathered a hundred thousand dinars and consulted his amirs, who advised him to send nothing until the Templars guaranteed good faith; the Templars refused to swear or to guarantee, saying they feared treachery from their own side. Saladin, realising their intent to betray, sent nothing. On Tuesday, 27 Rajab, the Franks went out to the outskirts of the city and found most of the Muslims in their hands already slain by the sword; they spared the amirs and those with wealth, to seek ransom from them. Saladin spent the money he had gathered and sent the captives and the cross to Damascus 1.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks
Region
Levant & Iraq
Review
Draft Completeness 2/5 · Help complete it

In time

118011901200 c.
The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks

CrusadesBattles

Overview

On Friday the seventeenth of Jumada al-Akhira 587 AH the Franks took Acre after a long siege, and then killed most of its captives on the twenty-seventh of Rajab, as Ibn al-Athir relates. 1

The surrender

Ibn al-Athir says that the disgraced prince went out to the king of the French offering to hand over the town in return for the release of those in it, and no answer came. Then he agreed with the Franks to surrender it for two hundred thousand dinars, five hundred captives and the return of the cross. He says that when they had taken it, they betrayed those in it and imprisoned them. 1

The position of Salah al-Din

Salah al-Din collected a hundred thousand dinars and consulted his emirs. They advised him not to send anything until the Templars guaranteed their fulfilment, and they refused to swear or to give security. Salah al-Din knew of their intention to betray and sent nothing. 1

The outcome

On Tuesday the twenty-seventh of Rajab the Muslims found more of those who had been with the Franks dead, and the Franks kept the princes and men of wealth to ask them for ransom. 1

The description of the betrayal here is Ibn al-Athir's.

Connections

Explore the connections

Had participant
Saladin (Salah al-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub)
Occurred at
Acre

People and things also explored

the great battle at Acre — the sieges fiercest day· Egypt army and fleet reach the Acre theater· Battle of Hattin· The battle of the Ford of Sorrows (Jacob's Ford, 575 AH)· Saladin's Defeat at Ramla· Saladin's Conquest of Ayla· The Frankish siege of Damietta (564 AH)· The Sicilian assault on Alexandria (569 AH)

Sources

  1. al-Kamil fi'l-Tarikh of Ibn al-Athir , p. 205-207
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “The Franks take Acre and kill the captives”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/fall-of-acre-587/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-22.

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the great battle at Acre — the sieges fiercest day

The great battle at Acre — the besieging Franks and the relieving army of Saladin in a slaughter unheard of in those days; charge and counter-charge past counting on both sides.