Waʾd (Infant Burial)

الوأد

Waʾd: burying infant girls alive out of fear of poverty or disgrace — Islam abolished it and classed it among the gravest sins.

Depth

At a glance

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Tradition versus cultureWomenFamily, marriage and kinship

Summary

Wad is the burying of daughters alive out of fear of shame and of expense, and with it the killing of sons out of fear of poverty and destitution. The Sealed Nectar mentions it in the context of a man's relationship with his children in the Jahiliyya, and refers to the verses in al-An'am, al-Isra', al-Takwir and al-Nahl 1.

In The Sealed Nectar's account

A man's relationship with his children took various forms. Some said, "Our children are our livers walking on the earth." Others would bury their daughters alive out of fear of shame and expense, and kill their sons out of fear of poverty and destitution 1. But the author holds that this cannot be counted among the common and widespread morals, since they were the people most in need of sons to protect them against enemies 1.

In the Qur'an

The author refers to al-An'am 151, al-Isra' 31, al-Takwir 8 and al-Nahl 58 1.

Not covered here

The spread of wad among particular tribes and the reports of the chroniclers about it have not yet been added. The author himself warns against generalising it.

For young visitors

In the old days some people buried their small daughters alive, out of fear of poverty or shame. Islam came to forbid this and made it one of the gravest sins.

Connections

Explore the connections

Revealed in
Qur'an 17:31· Qur'an 6:140· Qur'an 6:151· Qur'an 81:8· Qur'an 81:9

People and things also explored

Jāhilī Marriage Forms· Obstructing a marriage (adl): the guardian and the husband· Fleshy growth in the wife's womb and the right to annul (afal)· The woman left unmarried (anus) and the rules on her consent and maintenance· Maleness (dhukura) as a condition in the rulings· Sending infants to Bedouin wet-nurses· The social condition of the Arabs before Islam· The custody of Hamza's daughter

Sources

  1. al-Raheeq al-Makhtum — Safi al-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri , p.45
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Waʾd (Infant Burial)”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/concept/wad/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-21.

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Related

Jāhilī Marriage Forms

Four pagan marriage forms — common, istibda‘ (lending a wife for a better lineage), communal paternity assignment, and wife-swapping (al-badal) — Islam abolished all but the first.