Iyyaka na'budu wa-iyyaka nasta'in (You alone we worship and from You alone we seek help)

إياك نعبد وإياك نستعين

The fifth verse of the Fatiha, where the address shifts from the third person to the second. Sha'rawi holds that this shift places the worshipper before God; that putting 'You' first confines worship and seeking help to God alone; that worship is submission to God's method, prostration being the highest form; and that help is sought from the Strong, not from humans 1 2 3. He also holds that faith-sight is stronger than eye-sight 4 5. This is Sha'rawi's reading and is attributed to him.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Prophetic Era
Region
Global / Diaspora
Review
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Summary

In the fifth verse of the Fatiha the address shifts from the third person to the second. Sha'rawi holds that this places the worshipper before God, and that placing "You" first confines worship and seeking help to God alone. 1 2

Worship and prostration

Sha'rawi holds that worship is submission to God's method of doing and not doing, and that prostration is the highest form of it, since a person sets the most honoured part of himself on the ground. 2

Seeking help from the Strong

Sha'rawi holds that one who seeks help from another human receives help bounded by that human's humanity, whereas seeking help from the Living, the Self-Subsisting, frees the believer from the humiliation of this world. 3

Sight of faith

Sha'rawi distinguishes eye-sight from faith-sight and holds the latter stronger, as an insight, citing the hadith of ihsan which he attributes to Muslim. 4 5

Author's view

This is Sha'rawi's reading and is attributed to him. The scan gives no other grammatical or exegetical view on the shift or the fronting, and none has been checked.

Opinions on the question

The question: Why does the Fatiha shift from the third person to the second, and what does placing 'You' first do?

First opinion · Sunni tradition (the museum's frame)Main reference

The shift and the fronting restrict worship and help to God

Sha'rawi holds that fronting 'You' settles that worship admits no partner, and that the move to direct address brings the unseen truths into a present faith-sight {cite:tafsir-sharawi-khawatir-scan p.78} {cite:tafsir-sharawi-khawatir-scan p.77}.

Held by: Muhammad Mutawalli al-Sha'rawi

More opinions (2)

Academic viewSecondary opinion

Not checked in this batch

The pages give no other grammatical or exegetical views on the shift and fronting; these must be checked before citing.

Other viewOther opinion

No other view presented

The view given in these pages is Sha'rawi's alone.

Sources

  1. Sha'rawi's Khawatir around the Holy Quran, volume one (scan copy) , p.77
  2. Sha'rawi's Khawatir around the Holy Quran, volume one (scan copy) , p.78
  3. Sha'rawi's Khawatir around the Holy Quran, volume one (scan copy) , p.83
  4. Sha'rawi's Khawatir around the Holy Quran, volume one (scan copy) , p.74
  5. Sha'rawi's Khawatir around the Holy Quran, volume one (scan copy) , p.75
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Iyyaka na'budu wa-iyyaka nasta'in (You alone we worship and from You alone we seek help)”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/concept/iyyaka-naabudu-wa-iyyaka-nastain/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-23.

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