God repelling some people by others

دفع الله الناس بعضهم ببعض

Sha'rawi holds that the verse on God repelling some people by others states a cosmic law. The earth would be corrupted if one power ruled alone; balance between powers keeps the world in order, and God repels evil through human hands 1 2 3.

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At a glance

Era
The Prophetic Era
Region
Global / Diaspora
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Development of law, theology and institutions

Summary

On al-Baqara 251 Sha'rawi reads the verse on God repelling some people by others as a general law that keeps the world in order. He holds that God repels evil through human hands 1 3.

Power against power

He holds that the world is guarded by a balance of forces: if one force ruled alone, error would spread. He names Persia and Rome as the great powers at the start of Islam and then lists powers of his own time 2.

Repelling through human hands

He says God repels corruption through His servants, as in the command to fight the disbelievers so that God punishes them through believers. A battle between two truths does not last, since there is only one truth; a battle is between truth and falsehood, or between two falsehoods 3 4.

Places of worship

He compares the Hajj verse (22:40) with al-Baqara 251: hermitages for monks, churches for Christians, prayer places for Jews, mosques for Muslims. He holds that these places bind the creature to the Creator, and that if they were destroyed, pride would spread and the earth would be corrupted 5 6.

Not yet checked

The modern examples and the list of powers are Sha'rawi's own and have not been checked. The classical exegesis of the verse, the academic view and any non-Sunni view have not been checked.

People and things also explored

Biting and the liability for injury it causes (add)· Justice and uprightness (adl)· Contagion (adwa)· Pardon (afw) in purity, worship, contracts and penalties· Covenant (ahd) and the duty to keep it; oath by the covenant of God· Term, deadline (ajal)· Hired worker (ajir)· Stranger, outsider (ajnabi)

Sources

  1. Sha'rawi's Khawatir around the Holy Quran, volume one (scan copy) , p.1057
  2. Sha'rawi's Khawatir around the Holy Quran, volume one (scan copy) , p.1058
  3. Sha'rawi's Khawatir around the Holy Quran, volume one (scan copy) , p.1059
  4. Sha'rawi's Khawatir around the Holy Quran, volume one (scan copy) , p.1062
  5. Sha'rawi's Khawatir around the Holy Quran, volume one (scan copy) , p.1060
  6. Sha'rawi's Khawatir around the Holy Quran, volume one (scan copy) , p.1061
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “God repelling some people by others”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/concept/divine-repelling-of-people/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-23.

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Ideas

Beliefs, concepts, sciences and schools, explained in plain words.
Related

Biting and the liability for injury it causes (add)

In the lexicon, add is gripping a thing with the teeth and holding it. If a person bites another without right and a wound results, the biter must pay the damages for the wound, assessed as a just award by experts. If one man bites another's hand and the bitten man pulls it free so that the biter's front teeth fall out, most jurists hold that there is no liability, relying on a prophetic judgement in such a case; the Shafi'is limit this to a bitten man who chose the easiest means of release, and the preferred Maliki view requires compensation.