Idris Shah I of Perak

Sultan Idris Murshidul Azzam Shah (19 June 1849 – 14 January 1916) was the 28th Sultan of Perak. He succeeded his father-in-law Sultan Yusuf Sharifuddin Muzaffar Shah in 1887, brought Perak into the Federated Malay States in 1895–1896, and is remembered for the Ubudiah Mosque at Bukit Chandan, raised under a vow he made during illness and completed the year after his death. ^{1 2}

He was born at Kuala Keboi, Kampar, Perak, the son of Raja Bendahara Alang Iskandar. In 1875 he led a deputation to Singapore over the governance of the new British Resident, J. W. W. Birch. Sultan Yusuf died on 26 July 1887 and Idris, his son-in-law, succeeded him — the Malay article gives his installation as the 28th sultan, in agreement with the English article's lead and succession box, though the English article's early-life text once calls him the 27th. The Indonesian article's statement that he succeeded a stepfather, Abdullah Muhammad Shah, and its numbering of him as the 19th sultan, conflict with both and are not followed. He was installed at Bukit Chandan, Kuala Kangsar, on 5 April 1889. ^{1 2 3}

Under him Perak joined Selangor, Negeri Sembilan and Pahang in the Federated Malay States, formally established on 1 July 1896; the first Durbar of the four rulers met at his palace at Bukit Chandan in July 1897. He opened the Victoria Bridge over the Perak River in March 1900, received the honorary GCMG in 1901 and the GCVO, and travelled to London in 1902 for the coronation of Edward VII. Among those he patronised was the astronomer Tahir Jalaluddin, whom his government appointed to office in Perak and who accompanied him to London in 1911, as Tahir's own articles record. ^{1 2 4}

No article text names his school of law. The English infobox gives Sunni Islam, and the Indonesian infobox repeats that value — one infobox family; the Malay and Arabic articles carry no religion datum and Wikidata none at all. His mosque vow is public practice and his headship of Perak's Islam is office; neither attests a personal school. Under the museum's headship line his record carries unknown, flagged for the founder. ^{1 3 5}

Returning to Perak in 1911 in poor health, he rested at Port Dickson and vowed to build a mosque at Bukit Chandan if he recovered; he ordered the Ubudiah Mosque built but died before its completion. He died on 14 January 1916, aged 66, and was buried on 17 January at the Al-Ghufran Royal Mausoleum at Bukit Chandan, Kuala Kangsar, with the posthumous title Marhum Rahmatullah. His son Abdul Jalil succeeded him. ^{1 2}

• The defined source entities cited above, recorded in data/source/.
• No Urdu Wikipedia article exists for him; the Urdu version of this page is written from the English, Malay, Arabic and Indonesian articles and the Wikidata item cited above.
• Revisions of this article must be dated, and must name the source that changed each fact.