Bughra Khan al-Qarakhani

بقراخان الخاقاني

c. 1012 CE · c. 403 AH

Bughra Khan of the Qarakhanid Turkic kings; drawn into the Samanid lands by Abu Ali ibn Simjur's tempting of him with Bukhara in that dynasty's collapse, he took their country piece by piece, routed Nuh ibn Mansur's armies and captured his commander Anj, entered Bukhara until Nuh's return — then, departing sick, died on the road in the year the text reads as 403 of the fourth century; pious, just, of good conduct, a Sunni-leaning honourer of scholars, succeeded by his brother Ilig Khan Sulayman.

Depth

At a glance

Roles
Ruler
Era
The Buyid, Fatimid and Seljuk Era
Region
Persia & Central Asia
Review
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Life in time

9009259509751000102510501075110011251150 c. c. c.
Abbasid Fragmentation · The Buyid, Fatimid and Seljuk Era · The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks Contemporaries: Abd al-Ghani ibn Sa'id al-Azdi · Abd al-Jabbar al-Hamadhani · Abd al-Malik Ibn Attash · Abd al-Wahhab ibn Ali al-Baghdadi · Abdallah ibn Yasin al-Jazuli

Overview

Bughra Khan, a Turkish king of the Qarakhanid line, and the first to conquer Bukhara from the Qarakhanids. Ibn Khaldun relates that he coveted the lands of the Banu Saman, enticed by Abu Ali ibn Simjur when their state was in disorder. He attacked their districts and took them bit by bit, defeated the armies of Amir Nuh ibn Mansur, and captured their commander Anj. He entered Bukhara until Nuh turned him back. 1

His death and character

He left Bukhara sick, and death overtook him on the road. Ibn Khaldun describes him as pious, just and of good conduct, loving the scholars and the people of religion and honouring them, a Sunni with Shi'i inclination. His brother Ilak Khan Sulayman succeeded him. 1

A note on the date

The text reads his death year as "eighty-three and four hundred"; the museum's data record about 403 AH. The reading may be a scanning confusion between three hundred and four hundred, and it needs an additional source. The Gregorian conversion of 1012 CE is derived.

Connections

Explore the connections

Ruler of
Qarakhanid dynasty

People and things also explored

Ilig Khan Sulayman al-Qarakhani· Sabuq Qara Khan· Qarakhanid dynasty

Sources

  1. Kitab al-Ibar of Ibn Khaldun
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Bughra Khan al-Qarakhani”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/person/bughra-khan-qarakhanid/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-16.

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People

Prophets, companions, scholars, rulers, scientists, poets, travelers: women and men who shaped the story.
Related

Ilig Khan Sulayman al-Qarakhani

Ilig Khan Sulayman, Bughra Khan's brother, laqab Shihab al-Dawla; he secured the Turkestan kingship after his brother, sheltered the refugee amir Fa'iq and interceded to seat him at Samarkand — then, coveting Bukhara, marched the Turkic hosts in feigned protection of Abd al-Malik, seized Buktuzun and the amirs, entered Bukhara on 10 Dhu'l-Qa'da of year 389 on the text's reading, imprisoned Abd al-Malik till he died of grief and the deposed Abu'l-Harith Mansur with him — ending the Samanid state — and later routed Ismail al-Muntasir the last Samanid near Usrushana.