Al-Istakhri, Ibrahim ibn Muhammad

الإصطخري إبراهيم بن محمد

957 CE · 346 AH

A Persian geographer and traveller who visited many lands. He met the geographer Ibn Hawqal in Baghdad.

Depth

At a glance

Roles
geographer · Scientist
Counted among
Sunni
Era
Abbasid Fragmentation
Region
Persia & Central Asia
Review
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Life in time

850875900925950975100010251050 c. c.
The Early Abbasid Caliphate · Abbasid Fragmentation · The Buyid, Fatimid and Seljuk Era Contemporaries: Abd al-Ghani ibn Sa'id al-Azdi · Abd al-Jabbar al-Hamadhani · Abu'l-Sa'ib 'Utba al-Hamadhani · Abu al-Wafa' al-Buzjani, Muhammad ibn Muhammad · Abu Ali al-Muhassin al-Tanukhi

Geography and cartography

Place in the story

  • Traveller and observerTradition

Roles are dated and sourced; the museum describes the act and attributes the judgement.

Overview

Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Farisi al-Karkhi al-Istakhri, a Persian geographer and traveller who visited many lands. In Baghdad he met the geographer Ibn Hawqal. He died in 346 AH (957 CE). 1

The date rests on one source and needs an additional source.

People and things also explored

The seven climates· The equator· The horizon circle· The earth's sphericity· Measuring the earth· Joining the Red Sea to the Mediterranean· Piri Reis map· Al-Bakri, Abu Ubayd Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Aziz

Sources

  1. Mawsu'at A'lam al-Ulama' wa-l-Adaba' al-Arab wa-l-Muslimin — Dar al-Jil / ALECSO , p.108
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Al-Istakhri, Ibrahim ibn Muhammad”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/person/al-istakhri-ibrahim-ibn-muhammad/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-16.

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Wing

People

Prophets, companions, scholars, rulers, scientists, poets, travelers: women and men who shaped the story.
Related

The seven climates

Seven climates in each quarter of the earth — settlement reaching 24 degrees beyond the equator, the southern quarter desolate with heat, the rest drowned — and the fourth climate, Iraq, holding the fairest share where the sun's ray falls purest.