Arabic

The language of the Qur'an and the prayer; the language of the Arabian Peninsula that spread with the Islamic conquests until it became the language of learning, religion and literature from al-Andalus to Persia. ¹

The Sheikh expresses his concern for generations raised in schools in other languages, since a child may not understand people or read God's Book (his view). ^{2 3} He says the Qur'an was revealed in clear Arabic, and he fears that a day will come when people cannot read God's Book (his view). ⁴ He distinguishes between "diya'" and "nur" in Arabic: he says the sun gives light with heat, the moon gives light without heat, and holds that this precision is not found in any foreign language (needs_source). ^{5 6}

The Sheikh distinguishes between najah and falah in Arabic: najah is succeeding in one situation, such as a pupil passing a term, the end of the year or a qualification, while falah is succeeding in all situations, and a person who has najah may still fail in character, conduct and dealings with others ⁷.

He adds that someone who succeeds in one respect may fail in dutifulness to his parents and in his treatment of his wife, and that when the muezzin calls «hayya ala al-falah» it is as if he invites us to till our hearts as the farmer tills the land, splitting the soil, turning it over, exposing it to the sun, sowing and watering ⁸.

He says the kafir is so named because he covers the seed with soil after sowing it, and then asks why we do not repeat «hayya ala al-salah, hayya ala al-falah» when the muezzin says it, as we repeat his other words ⁹.

He explains the root sense of concealment in the root j-n-n, saying that the night covers, that a madman's mind is covered and veiled, that the Prophet ﷺ disliked this word and that people used to say «afflicted» instead, and he cites the common saying to bear with a madman until one madder comes ¹⁰.

The Sheikh explains that «the day» in the Arabs' language means the daytime, unlike what we mean today when we say «three days», namely twenty-four hours for each day ¹¹.

He illustrates this with a devout worshipper who fasted his day and prayed his night, that is, fasted the daytime and prayed through the night ¹².

He says that «bard» in the language means sleep, that the Arabs say the intensity of the cold kept me from sleep, and he notes that the verse describing those in torment denies them the taste of sleep and drink, since sleep is a relief for a person ¹³.

The Sheikh recalls what he said earlier: that «bard» is sleep, that «hamim» is boiling water and that «ghassaq» is the pus and discharge flowing from those in torment ¹⁴.

The Sheikh recites two lines of Arabic verse about one eye that wept and another that held back its tears, so the poet punished the stingy eye by closing it when he met the one he loved, so that it would not enjoy the sight of them ^{15 16}.

He notes that the Arabs had fairs for poetry such as Ukaz, Majanna and Dhu al-Majaz, and that a red tent was pitched for al-Khansa ¹⁶.