The Yemeni army's sack of Mecca (620 AH)

نهب عسكر اليمن مكة سنة 620هـ

1223 CE · 620 AH

620: al-Malik al-Mas'ud Atsiz ibn al-Kamil — the Ayyubid sultan of Yemen — reached Mecca, whose new sharif Hasan ibn Qatada had alienated his father's ashraf and mamluks; the army plundered the sanctuary 'until they took the clothes off people and beggared them'. Atsiz ordered Qatada's grave exhumed and burnt — and the coffin proved empty, exposing that Hasan had secretly buried the father he had strangled. Ibn al-Athir moralises: he lost this world and the next for the kingship he killed for 1.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks
Region
Arabia
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In time

1210122012301240
The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks · The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era

Sacred space and pilgrimage

Overview

In 620 AH al-Malik al-Mas'ud Atsiz, lord of Yemen, marched to Mecca, whose lord at that time was al-Hasan ibn Qatada. His army plundered the city until the afternoon. 2

What Ibn al-Athir relates

Ibn al-Athir says that al-Hasan had treated badly the notables and mamluks who had belonged to his father, and they dispersed from him. He quotes some of the residents that the army took the clothes off the people and made them poor. 2

The grave of Qatada

The lord of Yemen ordered the grave of Qatada dug up and burned. The coffin appeared before the people and they found nothing in it, so they knew that al-Hasan had buried his father in secret. Ibn al-Athir says that al-Hasan had killed his father, his brother and his uncle in pursuit of power, and he comments on this as the severing of kinship. This is Ibn al-Athir's own comment. 2

Connections

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Had participant
al-Malik al-Mas'ud ibn al-Kamil· الحسن بن قتادة أمير مكة

People and things also explored

The killing of the pilgrimage commander Aqbash and the battle of al-Hasan ibn Qatada in Mecca· al-Malik al-Kamil Muhammad ibn al-Adil ibn Ayyub· al-Malik al-Mas'ud ibn al-Kamil· الحسن بن قتادة أمير مكة· Al-Kadhimiya Mosque (Kazimayn shrine)· al-Qullays (the Yemeni Kaaba)· Zamzam Well· Dar al-Nadwa

Sources

  1. al-Kamil fi'l-Tarikh of Ibn al-Athir , p. 435-436
  2. al-Kamil fi'l-Tarikh of Ibn al-Athir , p.435-436
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “The Yemeni army's sack of Mecca (620 AH)”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/yemeni-sack-mecca-620/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-18.

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Related

The killing of the pilgrimage commander Aqbash and the battle of al-Hasan ibn Qatada in Mecca

In the year 618 the pilgrims of Iraq set out under a commander called Aqbash, a mamluk of the caliph al-Nasir, who was of good conduct and gave the pilgrims much protection. Rajih ibn Qatada approached him and offered him, and the caliph, money to help him seize Mecca from his brother al-Hasan. They reached Mecca and camped at al-Zahir; al-Hasan came out against them with bands of Arabs. The pilgrimage commander went out ahead of his army alone and climbed the mountain, humbling himself, since no one would dare approach him. The men of al-Hasan surrounded him and killed him and hung up his head, and the army of the Commander of the Faithful fled. They then surrounded the pilgrims to plunder them; al-Hasan sent them his turban as a guarantee of safety for the pilgrims, so his men went back and took nothing from them, and he allowed them to enter Mecca. They stayed ten days performing the rites of pilgrimage and trading, and returned safely to Iraq. The matter weighed heavily on the caliph, and messengers from al-Hasan arrived apologising and seeking pardon, which was granted.