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Ruin of Jalal al-Din Khwarazm-Shah and devastation of al-Jazira, 628 AH

هلاك جلال الدين خوارزم شاه وخراب الجزيرة سنة 628هـ

c. 1231 CE · 628 AH

In 628 the Tatars, learning of Jalal al-Din's weakness, rushed Azerbaijan; he would not face them, Maragha fell, his army scattered, and they surprised him by night — he escaped alone, and the Kurds and peasants plundered his followers; God took vengeance on them all. The Tatars then bore to Mardin slaying and enslaving, entered Amid killing over twenty thousand, repeated it in Azerbaijan, and settled their rule beyond the Oxus while Khurasan's cities lay desolate 1.

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era
Region
Levant & Iraq · Persia & Central Asia · Anatolia
Review
Draft Completeness 2/5 · Help complete it

In time

122012301240 c.
The Crusades, Ayyubids and Mamluks · The Mongol and Post-Mongol Era

Overview

Ibn al-Imad records in 628 AH the weakness of Jalal al-Din Khwarazmshah and the advance of the Tatars into Azerbaijan and al-Jazira. 2

The account

When the Tatars learned of Jalal al-Din's weakness they hastened to Azerbaijan, and did not meet him. They took Maragha and his army scattered. They attacked his camp at night and he escaped with his life, and Kurds and peasants snatched some of his troops. 2

After that

Ibn al-Imad says that the Tatars drove on to Mardin and entered Amid, where they killed more than twenty thousand. Their rule was established beyond the river, and the cities of Khurasan remained in ruins. 3

Sources

  1. Shadharat al-Dhahab — Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali , p. 126-127
  2. Shadharat al-Dhahab — Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali , p.126
  3. Shadharat al-Dhahab — Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali , p.127
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Ruin of Jalal al-Din Khwarazm-Shah and devastation of al-Jazira, 628 AH”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/event/jalaluddin-death-amid-628/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-22.

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