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Prohibition (hazr)

الحظر

Hazr (prohibition) in the lexicon means preventing; the forbidden (mahzur) is what the law forbids, and the term is wider than the unlawful and the disliked for some, but for others only the unlawful; the doer is blamed by the law. 1 The usulis distinguish prohibition (hazr), unlawfulness (tahrim, which is blamed and punished) and disliking (karaha, rewarded for leaving it and not punished for doing it). 1 In the Hanafi books, a section titled after permitted and forbidden (hazr wa-ibaha), or disliked matters, or preference, gathers scattered rules: looking and touching, dress, gold and silver vessels, food, gifts, earning, visiting graves, reciting in graveyards, music, medicine, circumcision, adornment, slaughter, naming children, backbiting and envy, travel, loans, greeting rulers, shared property, the Qur'an, and the mosque. 2 3 The Hanafis give that section different names, for the mixed rules in it. 3

Depth

At a glance

Era
The Early Abbasid Caliphate
Region
Global / Diaspora
Review
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Halal and haram

Summary

Hazr (prohibition) in the lexicon means preventing; the forbidden (mahzur) is what the law forbids, and the term is wider than the unlawful and the disliked for some, but for others only the unlawful; the doer is blamed by the law. 1 The usulis distinguish prohibition (hazr), unlawfulness (tahrim, which is blamed and punished) and disliking (karaha, rewarded for leaving it and not punished for doing it). 1 In the Hanafi books, a section titled after permitted and forbidden (hazr wa-ibaha), or disliked matters, or preference, gathers scattered rules: looking and touching, dress, gold and silver vessels, food, gifts, earning, visiting graves, reciting in graveyards, music, medicine, circumcision, adornment, slaughter, naming children, backbiting and envy, travel, loans, greeting rulers, shared property, the Qur'an, and the mosque. 2 3 The Hanafis give that section different names, for the mixed rules in it. 3

People and things also explored

Akl (eating: lawful food and manners)· The divine method: commands and prohibitions· Prohibition of misappropriating spoils (ghulul)· Hadi (the whitish fluid before childbirth: its ruling on ablution and purity)· Hadm (demolition, real and legal)· Hady (animal offered to the Sacred Precinct)· Halak (destruction of property and its legal effect)· Himyan (money belt: pilgrim's wearing, spoils and theft)

Sources

  1. al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.7132
  2. al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.7133
  3. al-Mawsu'a al-Fiqhiyya al-Kuwaitiyya, Noor-Book copy (file named v3) , p.7134
Cite this page

islam.museum contributors. “Prohibition (hazr)”. islam.museum, https://islam.museum/en/concept/hazr-prohibition/. CC BY-SA 4.0. Last updated 2026-10-23.

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Ideas

Beliefs, concepts, sciences and schools, explained in plain words. Related

Akl (eating: lawful food and manners)

Eating is part of the faith: forbidden food is warned against, and the forbidden foods are known from the text and the Sunna. Eating has rulings that vary by need: obligatory up to what keeps life, required for prayer and fasting, recommended for earning and learning, permitted up to satiety, and forbidden beyond it. It is recommended for the one who sacrifices to eat from his sacrifice; the jurists differ on a sacrifice that was vowed. For expiations the Shafi'is and Hanbalis require transfer of ownership, while the Hanafis accept enabling the needy to eat. Manners include saying the basmala, eating with the right hand and from what is nearest, not blaming food, and not reclining while eating. A person in necessity may eat the forbidden only enough to keep alive. Eating from another's orchard or field without leave is allowed only under conditions.