موجز

فارس ایک وسیع علاقہ ہے جو اپنے باشندوں کے نام پر پکارا گیا۔ مسلمانوں نے عمر کے دورِ خلافت میں سمندر کی جانب سے اسے فتح کیا، جزیرہ ابر کاوان سے آغاز کر کے توج اور ریشہر تک، جہاں ان کا مرزبان شہرک قتل ہوا۔ پھر ارجان، شیراز، سابور، دارابجرد اور دیگر علاقے فتح ہوئے۔ ¹

الجزية

Jizya in al-Baladhuri is what the People of the Book pay per head under treaty in return for confirmation in their religion and lands: he reports from al-Zuhri 'the first of the People of the Book to pay the jizya, so far as we know, were the people of Najran, who were Christians; then the people of Ayla, Adhruh and the people of Adhri'at paid jizya in the Tabuk campaign'; its forms with him include a dinar per hālim per year — the treaty of Ayla totalling three hundred dinars, Jurash a dinar per hālim plus hospitality for Muslims, Adhruh a hundred dinars every Rajab, and the Jews of Maqna a quarter of the 'uruk catch, a quarter of the women's spinning and a quarter of the fruits — beyond which the people of Maqna owed 'no jizya and no corvée'; when Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz took office he had the people of Najran counted, found them at a tithe of their former number and said 'I see this treaty is a jizya on their heads, not a treaty on their lands — and the jizya of the dead and of the Muslim lapses', so he set them at two hundred hullas.

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