- Yathrib
- the city's old name before it came to be called the Prophet's city
- the Prophet''s mosque
- the city's first mosque — beside which the Prophet lies, and which visitors seek
- the Constitution of Medina
- the written document that set the rights of Muslims, Jews and the remaining tribes together
- the Ansar
- the people of Yathrib who aided the emigrants and became the emblem of support
- the migrants
- the Meccans who left their homes and migrated to Medina for the faith
- the caliphate
- the office of general rule that stayed seated in Medina for thirty years
- Kufa
- the Iraqi garrison city to which the caliphate moved under Ali
- Damascus
- the Syrian city that became the Umayyad capital after Medina's thirty years
- the two sanctuaries
- Mecca and Medina together — Islam's two holiest precincts
- the expeditions
- the small missions the Prophet sent out from Medina without joining them
- 622
- the year of the Hijra, which began both the Hijri calendar and the state
- the qibla
- the prayer direction after it turned from Jerusalem to the Kaaba in Medina
