- al-Aqsa
- the mosque of the third sanctuary, after the two sanctuaries of Mecca and Medina
- the Dome of the Rock
- the golden dome Abd al-Malik built over the sacred rock in 691
- the first qibla
- the first direction of the prayer before it turned to the Kaaba in Mecca
- the night journey
- the Isra and Mi'raj journey that Muslim memory keeps bound to this city
- Umar
- the second caliph, who entered the city and received it from its patriarch
- Abd al-Malik
- the Umayyad caliph who raised the Dome of the Rock — early Islamic architecture's wonder
- Hattin
- the decisive battle won only months before the city's recovery in 1187
- Saladin
- the unifier of the Muslim front, who took the city back after eighty-eight years
- 637
- the year of the Muslim conquest of the city under Umar ibn al-Khattab
- 1099
- the year it fell to the Crusaders in their first campaign
- the Rock
- the sacred rock beneath the dome, kept at the center of three faiths' memory
- the Ottomans
- the city's last Muslim rule, which held it four centuries until the Great War's end
