- Cordoba
- the great mosque's city, at the heart of the land of al-Andalus
- the Umayyads
- the dynasty that began it, then enlarged it across two centuries
- double arches
- its famous double arches rising inside the great prayer hall
- the mihrab
- its gilded mihrab standing from the era of al-Hakam II
- mosaics
- its Byzantine mosaics made over backgrounds of blue and green
- Abd al-Rahman I
- the founder who began its building in the year 785
- the forest of columns
- its hundreds of standing columns, which resemble a forest of trees
- the maqsura
- its maqsura of interlaced stone ribs and small domes
- stone and brick
- its alternating red and white materials inside its famous arches
- the minaret
- its tower, which in later times became the cathedral's belfry
- the enlargements
- the successive caliphs' enlargements across two whole centuries
- the cathedral
- the church that grew up in its midst, centuries later
